Vol. 54.] THE GEOLOGY OF FEANZ JOSEF LAND. 625 



with two smaller tiers or layers above it, but well back from the 

 cliff-face. Small exposures of stratified rock were observed on the 

 talus, and on the raised beaches below. 



In the cliffs 5 miles east of Cape Gertrude (figs. 3 & 4, p. 626) 

 there is another good exposure of basalt made up of several tiers, 

 some of which show curved columnar jointing. Below is a talus- 

 slope through which several bosses of basaltic rock protrude. Under 

 the talus is an extensive shore with imperfect lines of raised beaches, 

 on some of which morainic material has been deposited. 



The coast from this point eastward is ice-faced, with small points 

 of rock protruding here and there. Cape Barents, the south- 

 eastern point of Northbrook Island, is a low rocky promontory 

 composed of two main masses of columnar basalt about 150 feet 

 high. There is here no talus, as the rocks rise sheer from the 

 sea. At the time of our visit the floe was still attached to the land, 

 and upon it were lying two or three large blocks of basalt which 

 had recently fallen. 



From Cape Barents the coast trends north-westward. It is for 

 the most part masked by an ice-face, but near the north-eastern 

 portion of the island a high mass of basaltic rock was seen. The 

 northern extremity of the island is a low plateau, about 150 feet 

 high, the surface of which is chiefly made up of bare soil sprinkled 

 over with small, weathered fragments of basalt, quartz, and flint. 

 Two small exposures of columnar basalt occur near Camp Point, 

 and one of these undoubtedly extends downward to sea-level. 



The north-western side of Northbrook Island is formed by Giin- 

 ther Bay, which is for the most part bounded by ice. Raised 

 beaches and basaltic rocks were observed at four locahties near Camp 

 Point and at the northern terminations of the three valleys already 

 mentioned as lying between Cape Flora, Gully Rocks, Cape Gertrude, 

 and the mainland of Northbrook Island. 



Reginald Koettlitz Island 



lies almost due north of Cape Albert Markham, on the opposite 

 side of Allen Young Sound, and about 6 miles distant. I have seen 

 only the southern coast, which terminates in a mass of columnar 

 basalt (Guy's Head) about 800 feet high, the foot of which is 

 enveloped by ice flowing from glaciers on each side of it. Mr. Jack- 

 son and others who have visited the northern part of the island 

 state that it is low bare land, and that the shore on the western 

 side is irregular in outline and marked by several projecting spits 

 of low beach. 



Scott Keltie Island 



is about 2 miles from the north-western shore of Hooker Island, 

 from which it is separated by MeUenius Sound. Its south- 

 eastern and south-western shores are formed of basalt rising 



