118 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



that he and his son had made a valuable collection from this pit, 

 which he at once kindly placed in my hands. 



The following is a list of the principal and more important spe- 

 cimens thus obtained. 



One tooth of Mastodon {M. arvernensisY . 



Two teeth of Rhinoceros (i?. Schleiermacheri ?) ; both miik-taeth. 



Two teeth of Deer ( Cervus dicranoceros). 



Four teeth of Cetaceans. 



One vertebra of Whale, large. 



Two ear-bones of Whale ; one mineralized, the other not. 



Four skulls of Belemnoziphius. 



Many teeth of Carcharodon and Lamna. 



One vertebra of a Saurian (an extraneous fossil of Jurassic age). 



These are fossils identical with the species from the Red Crag ; and, 

 like them, they present a highly mineralized condition, and are, 

 with the exception of some of the Cetacean and a few of the other 

 Mammalian remains, all more or less rolled, worn, and polished. 



Over this nodule-bed are about 4 feet of finely comminuted shells, 

 with a few single valves of Pecten, Cyprina, Mactra, together with 

 Turritella and Terehra, and then 17 feet of light-coloured marly 

 Crag, abounding in large shells and with fcAv Bryozoa. In the 

 lower part of this bed were some specimens of the Mya truncata, 

 in the position in which they lived; the C'yprina islandica, var., 

 sometimes double, was common in certain layers ; and in the upper 

 part of the bed Anoinia, Astarte, Diplodonta, and Venus abounded, 

 together with a variety of Foraminifera, whilst univalves were com- 

 paratively scarce. They had ceased working this pit when I visited 

 it in 1861 and 1862 ; and on my returning at a later period, hoping to 

 make a more complete collection of the shells, I found it levelled down. 

 It is probable that part of bed c of this section is synchronous 

 with the crag of the small Eamsholt pit, which yielded so large a 

 number of rare and beautiful fossils to the researches of Mr. Charles- 

 worth, Sir Charles Lyell, and Mr. Colchester. Many species were 

 more abundant at Eamsholt than in any other locality, and were 

 generally in a very fine state of preservation — the bivalves often 

 with both valves. Among the commoner species were Cardita 

 senilis, Gyprina islandica, Pecten maximus, P. opercidaris, Panopcea 

 Faujasii, Astarte Burtini, A. gracilis, Trochus zizyphinus, T. conulus, 

 and the large Balanus concavus. The latter occurred in hundreds. 

 This bed is also characterized by Cytherea cliione, Hinnites Cortesyi, 

 Lima Mans, Tapes perovalis, Natica proxima, N. varians, N. cir- 

 riformis, Pyrula reticidata, Balanus hisulcatus, Pyrgoma anglica, 

 Spatangus purpureus, Brissus scillce, Flahellum Woodii, and several 

 species of Echinus and Temnechinus. 



The upper part of the section at this pit (fig. 1) seems to be on the 

 level of that part of the Coralline Crag which is under the Eed Crag 

 in the BuUock-yard (d, PI. YI.). It may be seen by digging through 

 the 2 to 4 feet of Eed Crag forming the floor of the pit. It was full 

 of Cardita, Pecten, Astarte, and various characteristic shells of the 



* Mr. Lankester says, however, " a Mastodon tooth, which I have seen from 

 that situation is not M. arvernensis, but belongs to the Trilophodont species." — 

 Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xxvi. p. 497. 



