146 



BULLETIN OF THE ESSEX INSTITUTE. 



Fig. 5. 



In this form the knobs may be widely apart or close to- 



gether (Fig. 4) . Furtwängler figures one from Olympia 



with five spines (Fig. 5), and in the Zschille collection is 



one with two spines only (Plate II, Fig. 9), these being 



the paired ones with no trace of a front spine having 



existed. 



While the decoration is generally duplicated on either 



side, that is, the bilateral symmetry of the object is carried 



out in the decoration, I have 

 never seen two bow-pullers alike 

 or in pairs. 



The objects in their extreme 

 length, measured from the outer 

 edges of the rings and the inner 

 edges of the openings across the 

 solid body are remarkably con- 



stant. The dimensions are as follows : 



Mean of heavy form — length, 71.0 ; between rings, 19.3 

 " " light " " 67.8; " " 20.7 



The average deviation from the mean is greater in the 



light forms and the space between the two rings, or across 



the body, has a slightly larger average in the light forms. 

 In the few bow-pullers I have had an opportunity of 



studying minutely, the signs of wear are such as would 



be produced by a 



cord, rope, or leath- 



ern strap passing 



through the rings 



and under the body 



as in the accompany- 



ing figure (Fig. 6, 



A B strap) . The signs of wear are very marked in some 



specimens. The outer surface of the back spines also 



shows marked evidences of wear in some cases. 



FIG 



