1900.] L. de mcey'iUc— Butterflies of the Kanara District. 223 



processes or points (that is the breadth of the larva at that base) is 

 about 1*5 mm. 



Pupa. The pupa is similar to that of Apatura (Rohana) camiba, 

 Moore, in general facies and mode of suspension. Looked at sideways 

 the pupa is a section of a circle : about a quarter moon-crescent, the 

 ventral line being nearly straight, and the dorsal line highly and 

 evenly curved, the abdominal segments being much compressed laterally 

 and highly carinated in the dorsal line, the edge of the cauination 

 being sharp, i.e., thin. The pupa is the same breadth from the shoulders 

 to segment 8, and is in the middle twice as high as broal; segments 

 4, 5 and 6 are separated slightly in the dorsal carinated edge, and segment 

 G is the highest part of the carination ; the transverse dorsal section 

 in the middle is pear-shaped, the same section across the ventrum from 

 spiracle to spiracle being a compressed semicircle ; the head has two 

 strong, slightly diverging, conical processes, narrowly separated at the 

 base and about 1*5 mm. in length : these head-points are about half as 

 far apart at the tips as the pupa is broad in the middle : the pupa 

 increases evenly in width to the shoulders, which have each two small 

 smooth tubercles ; the thorax is convex transversely ; the cremaster is 

 stout, triangular, flattened above and below. The surface of the pupa 

 is dull, and is transversely wrinkled all over as seen under a lens ; there 

 is a low indistinct ridge from each head-point running back on to the 

 thorax, and the wing-edge is a ridge from the shoulder to segment 4. 

 The spiracles are depressed, oval, and the colour of the pupa. The 

 pupa is green, densely streaked with white on the thorax and head, 

 more obscurely on the rest of the surface ; the dorsal ridge and win fl- 

 edge ridge is yellowish : and there is a rather prominent brown-yellow 

 rugosity on the spiracular line at the hinder margin of segment 7. 

 Length 29 mm. over all, height at middle 12 mm., breadth at middle 

 over 8 mm. 



Habits. The egg is laid on the upperside of the leaf, or near the 

 edge on the underside. The larva, on emerging, eats the egg-shell 

 partially, and then makes a bed of silk anywhere on the upperside of 

 the leaf. Having grown somewhat it betakes itself to the middle of 

 the leaf and lies along the midrib near the point, covering the surface 

 of the leaf with a thick carpet of silk; over this carpet it weaves a 

 network of silk which is free of the surface of the leaf, and on the 

 top of this network the larva rests with its face in the same plane as 

 the ventral surface, so that the horns are resting on the web. When 

 about to pupate the larva wanders, and finally finishes up on the under 

 surface of some leaf, where it undergoes its transformation. The pupa 

 is stoutly attached by the tail only, so that the ventral surface is 

 parallel to the under surface of the leaf. 



