1854.] PRESTWICH — STOKF. NEWINGTON GRAVEL. 107 



Freshwater Crustacean. 

 Candona ? Fragment. 



Portions of Bryozoans and other minute fossils derived from the Chalk also 

 occur in this deposit. 



I am indebted to the kindness of Prof. Owen for the determi- 

 nation of the Bones enumerated in the above Hst of the Mam- 

 malia ; and for ascertaining several of the species in the list of shells 

 from the Fisherton deposit, I have to thank my friend Mr. John 

 Pickering. — [J. B.] 



Since Mr. Prestwich's paper was read before the Society, I have 

 further examined the gravel under the shell-bed, and I have found it 

 composed of numerous flints, of all forms, from the size of the fist to 

 an inch in diameter, angular ; of grey quartz-sandstone in pebbles, 

 1 to 2 inches in diameter ; limestone, angular in form and highly 

 crystalline ; chalk, both hard and soft, in nodules of various sizes 

 and in angular portions, angles smoothed by trituration ; flint- 

 sponges (and other chalk-fossils, see below) ; the whole are imbedded 

 in a mixture of clay and sand. Amongst this debris I have found 

 the following Microzoa derived from the Chalk : — 



List of minute Chalk-fossils from the Gravel below the Freshwater 



hed, Fisherton, 



Nodosaria Zippei. Abundant ; fragments. 

 Cristellaria rotundata. Abundant ; worn. 

 Marginulina ensis. Fragment, 

 luoceramus, fragments of. Abundant. 

 Bourgueticrinus, ossicles of. Not rare ; some worn. 

 Ecliinodermata, spines of. Not rare ; fragments. 

 Bryozoa. Abundant ; fragments, mostly worn. 



For the determination of these minute and beautiful fossils I am 

 indebted to Mr. Rupert Jones.— [Feb. 1855. J. B.] 



2. On a FossiLiFEROus Deposit in the Gravel at West 

 Hackney. By Joseph Prestwich, Jun., Esq., F.R.S., F.G.S. 



In the summer of 1853, Dr. Beeke informed me of the discovery of 

 some large mammalian bones in a gravel-pit belonging to Mr. Hindle, 

 at Shacklewell Lane, between Hackney and Stoke Newington*. In 

 company with the former of these gentlemen, I visited the spot, 

 which is 60 feet above the level of Trinity high-water mark, on 

 several occasions, and found many points which I deem of sufficient 

 interest to lay before the Society. 



I found that the bones were not actually in the gravel, but in a bed 

 of clay between two beds of gravel, — which clay forms a distinct and 

 separate deposit with an abundance of freshwater and land shells. 

 The occurrence of the bones was an exceptional case, no other 



* The pit is in Hackney parish. It is only distant, however, exactly a quarter 

 of a mile, in a direct line due east, from West Hackney Church, Newington high 

 road. 



