114 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [DcC. 13, 



The older terrestrial surface does not occur anywhere, that I know 

 of, on the immediate banks of the Wey or Mole. These rivers and 

 their affluents now flow at levels much below the general outspread of 

 the transported gravel. Even at the height at which it is now kept 

 artificially, the River Wey, from Guildford to Godalming, does not 

 come near the base of the gravel-beds vertically ; nor at times of 

 greatest flood does it occupy the space formed by the denudation 

 which the gravel-beds themselves have experienced since their original 

 distribution. Near Farnham, the gravel-beds are 30 feet above the 

 level of the river ; in the Pease Marsh the difference is not less. 

 The modern alluvia and the drift-gravel beds, in the case of the rivers 

 referred to by Mr. Martin, never occur together. But, as it is a 

 matter of some interest to make out as many points as possible where 

 vestiges are preserved of that old land-surface which was coeval with 

 the fauna of large extinct Mammalia which once existed here, I 

 would first indicate a locality at which it has been shown since my 

 former communication on the valley of the Wey*. 



The great sheet of gravel and brick-earth which is spread out over 

 Wonersh Common (see Map, fig. 1) runs out to the edge of the 

 depression in which the Tillingbourne stream flows. The gravel-beds 

 are cut off abruptly, and are from 8 to 1 feet above the level of the 

 water, measuring to their lowest line. In the course of some works 

 connected with the formation of water-meadows in East Shalford, a 

 water-course was carried along these beds for a considerable distance. 

 They were seen to consist of gravel and sands, with diagonal bedding, 

 showing an arrangement by running water, such as I have described^, 

 and contained Elephant remains. At a spot near where the road 

 from Wonersh Common to East Shalford Farm crosses the water- 

 course, and afterwards the Tillingbourne, a good section was exposed, 

 which had, when I first saw it, been swept clean by a large body of 

 water having been turned through it. The section showed 



1. Drift-gravel; 8 feet. 



2. Bed with black vegetable matter, seemingly composed of 

 matted roots, with occasional trees, — the whole associated with fine 

 marly beds. 



3. Neocomian clay. 



The roots of the larger trees descended into the subjacent clays. 

 There were also smaller stems, with a bark like that of the hazel ; 

 but the wood had perished. 



This terrestrial surface was identified again about a mile higher up 

 the valley, near Tangley Pond, beneath about 1 8 feet of gravel ; and 

 consists of marly beds with much vegetable matter, and blending 

 with the sands and gravels above. This locality is not on the line of 

 the present stream, but is a part of what formed a low tract before 

 the overspread of the gravel ; and, as a general rule, it will be found 

 that the Elephant remains are always most abundant in the gravels 

 which occur about such spots. In the instance which has just been 



* Quart. Joiirn. Geol. Soc. vol. vii. p. 278. f Ibid. p. 284. 



