1855.] HAMILTON — TERTIARIES OF HESSE CASSEL. 



129 



It appears from the above detailed section that the marine deposit 

 is comparatively small in this Cassel region. One thin bed only 

 occurs containing marine remains, with the exception of a few isolated 

 shells said to be found in the sandstone-blocks lower down the hill in 

 the sand below the Wilhelmshohe. The greatest number of the shells, 

 and the best preserved specimens, described by Philippi, were obtained 

 many years ago, while laying out the grounds near the palace at 

 the foot of Wilhelmshohe towards Cassel, d, in fig. 1. The beds 

 were here nearly 300 feet below their position in the Habichts Wald, 

 the latter having been probably elevated in consequence of the pro- 

 trusion of the basaltic conglomerate which intervenes, and on which 

 the fantastic ruins of "Wilhelmshohe are built. 



Habichts Wald. 



Fie. L 



a. Basalt. 



b. Brown-coal beds. 



c. Trachytic and basaltic conglomerate. 



Cassel. 



"^ 



d. Tertiary beds. 



e. Muschelkalk. 



2. Section of tertiary beds near Ober Kavfungen. 



In the small oblong plain irregularly extending between Nieder 

 Kaufungen and Ober Kaufungen, about five or six miles E.S.E. from 

 Cassel, is another extensive tertiary formation, in which are consider- 

 able deposits of brown-coal and blue-clay, overlaid, as in the Ha- 

 bichts Wald section, by a marine sand, of no great thickness, but 

 full of remains (more or less broken) of marine moUusca. 



The following section, in ascending order, was seen near the village 

 of Ober Kaufungen. The tertiary beds here rest on the Bunter 

 Sandstein, which constitutes the basis of the surrounding country. 

 The Bunter Sandstein beds fall in suddenly under the tertiary beds, 

 and these also, near the point of junction, fall in towards the Bunter 

 Sandstein. 



1. Stiif blue clay, containing numerous nodules of iron-pyrites. 



2. Loose incoherent sand. 



3. Brown-coal, 8 or 10 feet thick, occasionally separated into seve- 



ral seams by intervening beds of sand or clay. 



4. Bituminous shale, from which alum was formerly obtained. 



5. Various beds of marls and clay. 



6. Fine white sand, with occasional bands or layers of hard sand- 



stone, grit, or quartzite. 



7. Mottled clays. 



The whole thickness of these beds is upwards of 1 00 feet, but I 



