276 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



5. (3 e.) Thin bed of yellow sandstone, with slight traces of Vege- 



table remains. 



6. (3/.) Yellowish calcareous marl, abounding with fossils ; the 



lower part with Alveolina subpyrenaicay in particular (see 

 p. 277). 

 From the spring a short but difficult pass conducts to the Biwanij 

 plain over a succession of thick layers of 



7. (3 g.) Compact, grey and white, hard limestone, sometimes are- 



naceous. 



This rock extends as far as the A'b-i-Zumakan, and must there- 

 fore be of enormous thickness. In the descent to this stream, how- 

 ever, it becomes of a sudden exceedingly friable ; in some places it 

 resembles the upper chalk of England, and at others its open and 

 fibrous structure is so similar to travertin, as to lead to the belief of 

 its having been deposited by springs highly charged with calcareous 

 particles. 



On crossing the A'b-i-Zumakan we come upon 



8. (3 A.) Red marls, containing rounded chert-pebbles of various 



colours. 



I was at first inclined to consider this marl as corresponding in 

 age with the chert-conglomerate No. 5 of the Mungerrah Section 

 (p. 272). If, however, a geological horizon be indicated by the 

 presence of Alveolina subpyrenaica, which occurs in bed No. 6 (a/") 

 of the present section, these red marls are about equivalent in age to 

 the reddish sandstones No. 9 of Tang-i-Khashow (p. 274). The 

 absence of fossils is here a great loss. 



The little village of Gourajiih*, on the left bank of the stream, is 

 built on the red marls, and behind it rises the lofty crag called 

 Kuh-i-Buzzahu, the base of which is of red marls, and the summit 

 of grey, compact, arenaceous limestone, probably the same as No. 7 

 (3^) on the wCvSt bank of the Ziimakan. Winding round to the 

 south of this crag, the road is clothed with the dwarf oak, and it is 

 worthy of notice that wherever the red marls and chert-gravel abound 

 the oak flourishes. Is this attributable to the iron contained in the 

 soil? 



The base of the crag is loaded with talus (1*) from its limestone- 

 capping, and the stratification is concealed ; but, on reaching Ga- 

 warah, the red marls reappear, and are succeeded by 



9. (4«.) Bituminous, grey and dark blue, indurated, calcareous 



* The following section through the red marls at this locality would indicate 

 that the same causes which produced the travertinous layers of the limestone, 

 No. 7, had begun to operate during the deposition of the marls. 



7. (35') Limestone. 



f Red mai'ls. 

 Red sandstone, or fine gravel of variously coloured and rounded 



Q 'oh\ J cherts. 



8. v3/i.)...^ Red marls. 



Friable white travertin. 

 Red marls. 



