364 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



a green or a red clay, we were uniformly unsuccessful in finding in 

 it any kind of fossils. Similar differences are exhibited in the un- 

 fossiliferous stratum around Shiwani. At Garhakota near Sagar, 

 thence to Tendukheda on the Narbadda, wherever Major Franklin 

 met with trap, he *' always found it in association with earthy lime- 

 stone*." The experience of Capt. Dangerfield regarding its position 

 was somewhat different, he having met with it in certain parts of 

 Malwa, as "a thin bed of loose marl, or coarse earthy limestone," 

 *'near the bottom of the small hills and banks of the rivuletsf." 

 The country between the Wardha and the trap region described by 

 Col. Sykes has not been examined by any geologist, so that no site 

 can be named in it for lacustrine formation except Jalna ; but I 

 remember noticing it on my first arrival in India, nine years ago, at 

 many localities, though I have now forgotten their names. But 

 when we come to the scene of Col. Sykes' s efficient labours J, we can 

 trace it almost everywhere under the name either of " ferruginous 

 clay," or "pulverulent limestone." The stratum of " red ochreous 

 rock," varying in thickness from an inch to many feet, and in texture 

 from friable to compact earthy jasper, occurs at Nandur and Jihur 

 near Ahmednagar ; at Kothul ; in the scarps of the hill part of 

 Harichandarga^, and a mountain near Junir ; and at Sirur, Wangi, 

 and Barloni, between which two last-mentioned places the bed is 

 believed to be continuous. Finally it occurs abundantly on the 

 Ghats, frequently discolouring the rivulets, and giving a ferruginous 

 character to the soil, over a considerable area§. Pulverulent lime- 

 stone is generally found in layers, varying from an inch to three feet 

 in thickness, and covered by a few feet of black earth. Examples 

 of it are met with at Jib and Islampur near Ahmednagar ; at Kar- 

 kamb and at Salseh, ten miles S. of the fortress of Karmali||. 

 Crystalline limestone, which occurs as an imbedded mineral in amyg- 

 daloid^, and "great masses of mesotype**," which are found in 

 a similar position, seem to me, if I may judge from the analogy of 

 the district of Nagpur, to be instances of our formation somewhat 

 transformed. The ochreous rock or ferruginous clay above mentioned 

 was discovered by Newbold at Sindaghi, in the Southern Maratha 

 country, which lies south of Col. Sykes' s district, and it was described 

 by him as " finely laminated bright red bole," from 3 to 6 feet thickf f . 

 And this is most probably the origin of the "red clay," which 

 Newbold on analysis found to be the basis of the amygdaloid in which 

 zeolitic crystals abound :i:;|;. 



The strata of Bombay have been described in an able and luminous 

 manner by H. J. Carter, Esq., of the Bombay Medical Service §§. In 

 thickness they greatly surpass anything we meet with in Central 

 India, reaching to between 40 and 50 feet, and they are peculiar in 



* As. Researches, vol. xviii. pi. 1. p. 33. f Malcolrason, vol. ii. p. 328. 



t Geol. Trans. 2n(l ser. vol. iv. § Ibid. p. 419. 



II Ibid. p. 420. ^ Ibid. p. 421. ** Ibid. p. 425. 



ft Royal As. Soc. Journ. vol. ix. p. 33. JJ Ibid, p, 35. 

 ii Bomb. Br. R. As. Soc. Journ. vol. iv. 



