1855.] 



HARKNESS ANTHRACITE-SCHISTS. 



469 



These purple and grey grits and 

 shales have a prevailing dip towards 

 the N.N.W. at an angle of about 4j0°, 

 much less than the ordinary dip of the 

 Silurians, which is in the same direc- 

 tion, usually at an angle of about 70° ; 

 and these strata, having the smaller 

 dip, attain a perpendicular thickness of 

 about 1500 feet, throughout which no 

 fossils are seen. 



Above this series of grits and shales, 

 we find in the course of the brook 

 beds of anthracitic shale (2), which are 

 crumpled up by flexures. As the brook 

 immediately above and below the an- 

 thracite-shales flows over pebbles, the 

 deposits upon which these shales rest 

 are not here seen. The lower beds of 

 the anthracite-shale occur in the form 

 of indurated black shales, having an- 

 thracitic laminee running through them. 

 In the more anthracitic shales we 

 have abundance of fossils, which con- 

 sist of Graptolites Sagittarius, Diplo- 

 grapsus pristis, D. ramosus, D. mucro- 

 natus, and D. bicornis; but these, as 

 we shall afterwards see, are not the 

 lowest fossils which present themselves. 

 After leaving the flexured anthra- 

 cite-shale, the strata are hidden for a 

 distance of about 80 yards across the 

 strike, when they again appear to a 

 small extent, dipping at a high angle 

 towards the S., and are immediately 

 succeeded by others (1*) with the same 

 dip as occurs in the deposits below the 

 anthracite-shale, viz. about 40° N.N.W. 

 They resemble those which are seen 

 lower down the stream, and seem to be 

 a repetition of the same strata, re- 

 sulting from a small anticlinal. Grits 

 and shales, about 240 feet in perpen- 

 dicular thickness, here present them- 

 selves ; and are succeeded by a thin 

 black shale, immediately underlying 

 the anthracite-shales here repeated (2''') ; 

 and in this black shale we have fossils 

 which occupy the lowest position in 

 this locality. 



This black shale is about 6 inches 

 in thickness ; its lower portion is filled 





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