1855.] HULL ON THE COTTESWOLDS. 477 



Note by W. J. Hamilton, Esq., President of the Society. 



Notwithstanding the small amount of information contained in 

 this communication, it becomes of great importance, when taken in 

 connexion with the well-known coal-field of Heraclea. If we draw 

 a line, N.E. and S.W., from Heraclea to the head of the Gulf 

 of Nicomedia, all the hitherto known Devonian and Palaeozoic for- 

 mations of this part of Asia Minor will be found on the N.W. side 

 of this line, whereas the greatly-developed systems of Cretaceous 

 and other rocks extend on the E. and S.E. of this line. A consider- 

 able development of the Carboniferous formation may therefore be 

 looked for in the direction between Heraclea and the Gulf of Nico- 

 media, with great probability of finding other valuable coal-fields in 

 the intervening district. 



[W. J. H.] 



3. On the Physical Geography and Pleistocene Phenomena 

 of the CoTTESWOLD Hills. By Edward Hull, Esq., A.B., 

 F.G.S. 



Contents. 

 Physical Geography. 



Introduction : Physical features. 



Causes which have contributed to the preservation of the Outliers. 



Causes which have contributed to the preservation of the Headlands, and 



the formation of the Valleys. 

 Valleys of domes or quaquaversals. 

 Valleys in lines of dislocations. 

 Meteoric phaenomena, and the formation of the Tabular Platforms of 



Marlstone. 

 Faults. 

 Diluvial and Erratic Phenomena. 

 Ancient Sea-beach. 

 Fluviatile, Estuarine, and Marine deposits (of Murchison, Buckman, and 



Strickland). 

 Warp-drift. 



Estuarine deposits on the North and East. 

 Northern Drift. 

 Conclusions. 

 Appendix : Analyses of Soils. 



Introduction.' — Physical features. — The area embraced under the 

 following observations is nearly included within the limits of Sheet 44 

 of the Ordnance Survey, from its eastern termination to the banks 

 of the Severn. 



The most marked physical feature of the district is the escarp- 

 ment of the Inferior Oolite. Commencing at the south-west, in the 

 neighbourhood of Painswick, it ranges towards the north-east in a 

 line often broken into by valleys or headlands, until it terminates in 

 a bold promontory at Ebrington Hill ; whence, ranging south, and 

 passing by Stow-on-the-Wold, it reaches the village of Shipton, its 

 most southerly limit. (See Map, fig. 1.) This feature has now lost 

 the character of an escarpment, and is merely a long sloping ridge, 

 the higher portion of which consists of Great Oolite, the inferior 



2 K 2 



