1855.] SANDISON EARTHaUAKES. 543 



teeth, apparently an incisor, fig. 2, ^, and a canine, c, in the symphysial 

 part of the jaw. These are represented only by their fangs, which 

 are simple and deeply implanted in the jaw ; the canine vertically, 

 the outer incisor more inclined forward : ten lines behind the canine 

 there is a premolar implanted by two slightly diverging fangs, but 

 with the crown also broken off, as is the case with most of the teeth 

 in this fossil skull. 



The outer side of the crown of a premolar of the left side, upper jaw, 

 is preserved (fig. 5) : it is invested by dark-brown enamel : it presents 

 two slight prominences with a faint median longitudinal channel. 

 The outer border of the grinding surface is almost straight : that sur- 

 face is buried in the hard and brittle matrix. In a similar portion of 

 a posterior grinder of the lower jaw, fig. 6, in another fragment of the 

 fossil, the outer border of the crown rises in two angular lobes, some- 

 what answering to the end of the two transverse ridges of the crown 

 of the tooth of the Manatee, but not accompanied by the indentation 

 on the outside of the crown. Neither the number, kinds, nor precise 

 modification of the crown of the teeth are recognizable in the present 

 fragmentary fossil. It shows, however, sufficient characters to indi- 

 cate it to be nearly allied, if not actually belonging, to the Sirenoid 

 order of Mammalia, and to differentiate it from any known existing 

 genus or species in that order. I propose to distinguish this species 

 by the name Prorastomus sireno'ides. 



The bones are completely petrified, and usually closely adherent to 

 or blended with the matrix. 



4. Notice of the EARTHauAKES at Brussa*. By D. Sandison, 

 Esq., H.M. Consul at Brussa. 



(Communicated from the Foreign Office, by order of the Earl of Clarendon.) 



[Abstract.] 



After a lapse of six weeks since the first great shock, with a suc- 

 cession of others quite harmless, and when confidence was beginning 

 to revive, the inhabitants were panic-struck on the evening of the 

 11 th April, at 8 o'clock, by an earthquake incomparably more terrific 

 and destructive than the former. 



By its resistless force, computed of about thirty seconds' duration, 

 almost every stone-building left standing was overturned, or irre- 

 parably shattered ; and masses of rock falling from the Citadel Cliff 

 overwhelmed a number of houses below in the Jewish quarter, where 

 upwards of twenty persons were killed. 



The loss of life in the town is variously computed up to 400 

 victims, chiefly Turks, but may not exceed 150, as most of the crazy 

 and dangerous dwellings had already been overthrown, and the in- 

 habitants had retired for the night to some kind of lodgings of com- 

 parative safety. 



The earth continued in a state of incessant and most alarming 

 tremor^ accompanied with appalling subterraneous sounds, the whole 

 * See also Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. vii. p. 19. 



