262 



lyyALS yEW TORK ACAIfEIIY OF SCIEyCES 



dricus of tiie Upper Pliocene Siwaliks of India. Thus two •iisrinct stages 

 of the southern mammoth are kno\m, the more primitive, occurring at 

 the clc»se of the Tertiary in the Plioc-ene of the Yal d'Amo. liistioguished 

 by very low. broad grinding teeth with thick enamel, the other more pro- 

 gressiTe stage, occurring in the Forest Bed. at Durfort. and in the Pleis- 

 toc-ene deposits of the Yal d'Amo, and distinguished by dental plates of 

 thinner enameL The latter is said to be the original type of Xesti, who 

 founded the species, but the matter of specific type re<3.iires iavestigation. 



FiG. 12. — Skeleton of Eiefrha* meiiiiioaalii of Drnffwi 



Gallery of i'alspontologT in The Maseum d'Histoire Xaturelle. Jardin des Plantes, Paris. 



After Gaudry. 



The southern elephant is best known from the magnificent specimen 

 found at Durfort and mounted under the direction of Gaudry in the 

 Paris Museimi. The height at the shoulders is 3.83 m.. or 12 ft.. 9-1/5 

 in. This animal was much taller than the true mammoth {E. primi- 

 genius) which first appears chiefly in the Third Glacial Stage. The tusks 

 were shorter and less bent. We may infer from its original wami-tem- 

 f»erate habitat that it was partially hairy but not c-overe<i with w.x»l like 

 E. pnmigeniiis. 



The following table of comparison of the relative heights of the great 

 Pleistoc-ene ^nd recent elephants is based so far as the extinct forms are 

 concerned on a series of approximations h»ecaus€ it is very difficult to 



