THE COCCIDAE OF SOUTH AFRICA — II. Ill 



Sub-family Calycicoccinae, nov. 



(Characters of the type genus.) 



Genus Calycicoccus, g.n. 



Adult 2 inhabiting small conical or calyx-like galls in the leaves of the host-plant. 

 Typical galls flat on upper surface of leaf and flatly conical on lower side. The 

 apex of the cone is perforate, and through the aperture protrude numerous strong 

 filaments secreted from the caudal spine glands of the 2. Inverted galls, formed 

 from the upper tissues of the leaf, are larger and bluntly pointed. 



Body of adult 2 peg-top-shaped, wine-red in colour ; anterior end broadly rounded 

 and the abdominal segments produced into a conspicuously annular cone, all segments 

 bearing very stout spines. In the type species ten segments are visible, on which 

 the stout spines decrease in size away from the posterior extremity. 



Antennae and legs present. Antennae small, consisting of 4 segments. Terminal 

 segment with several hairs. 



Legs small, all three pairs usually about equally developed. Claw long ; upper 

 and lower digitules apparently simple hairs. 



Mouth- parts comparatively small. Integument of greater portion of body without 

 glands. Posterior segment, margins and around the spiracles with long setae. Anal 

 ring with 6 hairs. 



Type, C. merwei, sp. n. 



66. Calycicoccus merwei, sp. n. (Plates iii & iv , figs. 73 & 77). 



Adult 2 enclosed in galls on the leaves of host-plant. The galls are of two distinct 

 types : one small, flat, and inconspicuous, except for the coloration of the plant 

 tissues above them ; the other stout, blunt, horn-like. 



Gall, type A (fig. 73a). About 3 mm. in diameter, flatly conical, only about twice 

 the thickness of the leaf. On the upper surface of the leaf there is a flatly rounded, 

 circular indication, the centre of which is pale yellow in colour. This is surrounded 

 by a darker area, outside which a paler tint fades into the general grey-green of the 

 leaf ; this is the top of the gall. On the under-side the gall is regularly raised into a 

 flat cone, the centre of which is drawn out into a small tube, from which a tuft of 

 glassy filaments protrudes. On dissection of the hard woody tissues it is found 

 that the filaments are produced from the conical posterior extremity of the adult 2. 



Gall, type B (fig. 73). About 4 - 5 mm. in diameter and about 5 mm. long, tapering 

 to a pointed tip, which is always curved to one side. This gall is hard and woody, 

 and represents, I think, the inverted form of " type A " which is normal. In every 

 case the large gall is found on the upper surface of the leaf, with a thickened edge 

 or rounded mound on the lower side, and is often found on a leaf with as many as 30 of 

 the normal galls, which open on the lower surface. The insects contained in the 

 two forms are identical, but vary somewhat in size, those in the abnormal galls being 

 usually the larger. The different types of galls appear to depend upon whether 

 they are formed from the upper or lower tissues of the leaf, as the large type B are 

 only produced on the upper surface. 



Adult 2 about 1"5 mm. in diameter, peg-top-shaped with the conical posterior 

 extremity extending downward with the gall (fig. 77). The body colour is deep 



