THE COCCIDAE OF SOUTH AFRICA — II. 117 



BB. Adult $ enclosed in second pellicle. 



(14) $ scale completely enclosing the adult $, composed of large second pellicle 

 and with little secretionary covering ; plates usually absent or few in number 

 and simple. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fiorinia. 



Genus Aspidiotus, Bouche. 



Scale of adult $ + circular, flat to convex or conical. Exuviae central or sub- 

 central, invariably occupying'the highest portion of the scale ; with the first exuviae 

 superposed upon the second, and often coated with a thin secretionary covering, 

 which sometimes gives a nipple-like effect to the scale. Ventral scale usually thin 

 and delicate, often remaining on the plant when the insect is removed. 



The puparium of the male resembles the $ scale to a great degree, but is usually 

 smaller, rather more elongate, and usually more coriaceous. 



The pygidium of the adult $ has lobes and generally branched plates, but no 

 elongate paraphyses such as those found in ChrysompJialus. Circumgenital glands 

 may be present (2 to 5 groups) or absent. 



The following sub-genera are represented in South Africa : — Aspidiotus (s. str.), 

 Selenaspidus, Morganella, Diaspidiotus and Hemiberlesea. 



These may be distinguished by the following key :— 



A. Pygidium without incisions having thickened edges. 



(a) Lobes present, all normal ; plates branched, normal. . . Aspidiotus, s. str. 



(b) Three pairs of lobes present, of which the 3rd are usually tusk-like ; scale 



generally flat, circular, with central exuviae, of a brown colour ; cephalo- 

 thorax, with one exception, distinctly separated from the abdomen at the 

 margin ; plates broad, with outer end fringed. . . . . Selenaspidus. 



(c) Only median pair of lobes present ; these are long and slender, closely adjacent 



or contiguous, with anal openings at inner bases ; scale convex, black ; 

 exuviae concolorous ; plates very long, numerous, and fringed on sides. 



Morganella. 



B. Pygidium with incisions having thickened edges. 



(d) $ scale usually dark greyish in colour, exuviae covered, often exhibiting " con- 



centric ring and dot " ; median lobes usually close together ; other lobes 

 rudimentary or at least not prominent ; plates usually few in number 

 and simple, dagger-like or but slightly branched . . Diaspidiotus. 



(e) $ scale usually convex, light in colour, buff or yellowish, median lobes large 



and close together, others suppressed ; plates conspicuous, crowded towards 

 median lobes ; anal ring large, set far back near median lobes Hemiberlesea. 



Key to South African Species of Aspidiotus s. str. 



A. Pygidium with three pairs of lobes, 

 a. Lj projecting beyond L 2 . 



(1) $ scale brownish, $ puparium white, L x with straight sides, L 2 and L 3 smaller ; 



+ pointed (fig. 84) . . . . . . . . A. hederae (Vail.) 



(2) $ scale circular, white, with brown exuviae ; L x with straight sides, L 2 and L 3 



normal (fig. 91) .. .. .. A. fimbriatus cafensis,^ ewst. 



