THE COCCIDAE OF SOUTH AFRICA. — III. 229 



angles to this. The vulva is wide, set about three times the distance of the anal 

 opening from the median lobes. There is only one pair of lobes, which are large, 

 with their inner faces in close contact with one another, the outer margins curving 

 slightly outward and once notched at about two-fifths their length. The plates 

 and spines are very long and unusual, as illustrated (fig. 149). Circumgenital glands 0. 



Formula : L v P 2 , S, P 3 , S, 2P 4 , — , S, 2-3P 5 . 



Remarks. This species is very close to Aspidiotus spiniger, Lindinger, but differs 

 in the lobes and plates and the longer spines. 



Habitat : On privet, Pretoria ; collected by B. Delport, June 1915. On Acacia, 

 Kroonstad ; collected by A. Kelly, 12th December 1916. On Gardenia fortunei, 

 Kabah, Uitenhage ; collected by A. Kelly, 27th February 1917. 



Collection No. : 217. 



Genus Chionaspis, Sign. 



Scale of $ elongate, often + parallel-sided, but may be conspicuously broadened 

 or even pj^riform, and usually + convex. Colour most commonly white. Texture 

 varying from thin and pearly to thick and chalky or cottony. Exuviae at the 

 anterior extremity, the first naked and partly overlapping the second, which is 

 usually + covered with a layer of secretion. Colour of exuviae usually yellowish 

 or brownish. Ventral scale often but slightly developed, or strongest at the 

 anterior end. 



Adult § usually elongate, and broadened posteriorly, distinctly segmented. 

 Pygidium with usually 2 or 3 pairs of lobes and simple spine or dagger-shaped 

 plates. Second pah - of lobes, and third pair when present, often composed of two 

 lobules. The glandular plates are usually simple, but may be slightly divided at their 

 extremities. Dorsal glands numerous, marking the primitive segments and most 

 variable towards the posterior end of the pygidium. Circumgenital glands absent 

 or present. 



Male puparium small, elongate, + smooth to uni- or tri-carinate. 



The following sub-genera are used, but the classification of species into them 

 is not so easy a matter as would appear. In the present paper such a classification 

 has not been strictly attempted. 



A. Circumgenital glands in 5 groups. 



(1) Median notch of pygidium not thickened ; median lobes not in close contact 



nor fused . . . . . . . . . . Chionaspis, s. str. 



(2) Median notch not thickened ; median lobes in close contact or fused together 



Pinnaspis (Hemichionaspis). 



(3) Median notch of pygidium thickened and strongly chitinised Phenacaspis. 



B. Circumgenital glands in more than 5 groups. 



(4) As in Chionaspis (s. str.), but with circumgenital glands usually in 8 groups, 



often extended into a bow . . . . . . . . . . Poliaspis. 



C. Circumgenital glands absent. 



(5) Ventral scale usually robust ; anterior portion of body of adult $ generally 



highly chitinised Dinaspis. 



