8 CONTENTS. 



root-diggers — Pass through Wahsatch Mountains — Valley of the Great Salt 

 Lake — Brown's Settlement — Remarkable hospitality — Rumoured opposition 

 of the Mormons to the exploration — Its causes and removal — Co-operation 

 of the authorities Page 11 



CHAPTER V. 



Eicconnoissance from Salt Lake City to Fort Hall — Bear River — Valley of the 

 Malade — Wahsatch Mountains — Trace from Sheep Rock — Hedspeth's Cut- 

 off — Valley of the Pannack — Wind-mill Rock — Port Neuf River — Valley of 

 Lewis' Fork of the Columbia — Fort Hall — Cantonment Loring — Return to 

 Salt Lake — Reconnoissance of Cache Valley — Road from Fort Bridger 

 through this valley 87 



CHAPTER VL 



Reconnoissance of the Western shores of the Great Salt Lake — Obstacles to be 

 encountered — Desert character of the country — Brackish water — Indians 

 — Water fowl — Salt and Sulphur springs — Salt Lake from Promontory 

 Point — North Shore of the lake — Water levels — Large Inland sea — Desert 

 plains — Scarcity of water — Suffering of animals — Magnetic iron ore — 

 Ancient beach of the Lake-Island Mountains — Extensive mud plains — A 

 Sunday's march — Bivouac — Ancient crater — Field of solid salt — Pilot 

 Peak — Shoshonee winter lodges — The seventy-mile desert — Road to Hum- 

 boldt's River — Another ancient crater — Abandoned wagons and emigrants' 

 "cache" — Spring valley — Warm springs containing fish — Tuilla valley — 

 South shore of the lake — Salt Lake City — Results of the reconnoissance... 97 



CHAPTER VII. 



Suspension of the survey for 1849 — Progress of the work, and obstacles to its 

 prosecution — Winter in Salt Lake City — Snows in the mountains — Sketch 

 of early history of the Mormons — Exodus from Illinois — Journey through 

 the wilderness — Mormon battalion — Arrival in Salt Lake valley — Founding 

 of the city — Scarcity of food — Improvements and settlements — Establish- 

 ment of a provisional government — State of Deseret — Warm and hot springs 

 — Irrigation — Public buildings — Currency — Connection of church and state 

 —Revenue — Tithes — Character of "the President" — Treatment of emi- 

 grants — Manners and customs — Claims of the Mormon church — Priesthood 

 — Book of Mormon — Spiritual revelations — Miracles — Power of the priest- 

 hood — Polygamy — Sealing — Practical working of the system — Effects to 

 be anticipated — Perpetual emigration fund — Route to San Diego — Propa- 

 gandism — Sources of wealth — Agriculture — Soil — Area of cultivation — 

 Lake Utah — River Jordan — Settlements within the Great Basin, and man- 

 ner of forming them — Manufactures — Education— Territory of Utah — Ap- 

 pointment of Mormons to office — Loyalty of rulers and people — Brigham 

 Young — Indians — Mormon difficulties with the Utahs — Zoological collec- 

 tions 120 



