118 TUILLA VALLEY. 



tion of the range, the strata were again found to be much dis- 

 placed and almost vertical. They were composed of limestone 

 and shales, overlaid in some places by conglomerate. Salt springs 

 were very numerous in this locality. 



After doubling the point, we came upon another valley, similar 

 to the one through which we had just passed, and from which it was 

 divided by the ridge or mountain just described. Our true course 

 here, also, was to cross this valley in an easterly direction, and 

 strike the northern point of another range where it terminates im- 

 mediately on the southern shore of the Salt Lake, now plainly 

 visible ; but the numerous salt springs, as in the case of that 

 passed yesterday, rendered a straight course impracticable. Con- 

 sequently, after following the eastern base of the ridge about 

 six miles to the south, we began gradually to diverge from it to the 

 eastward, and at dark encamped in the prau'ie, near a noble spring 

 of fresh, cold water, with abundance of excellent grass, and an ex- 

 tensive grove of large willows for fuel. A fierce gale sprang up 

 from the south-east, which kept us in a constant state of alarm 

 during the night, lest we should be burned in our beds from the 

 tall dry grass taking fire. It had in fact kindled several times, 

 and the flame was extinguished with some difficulty, rendering a 

 strict watch necessary until morning. This valley is called " Tuilla 

 Valley" by the Mormons, and forms an excellent pasturage for 

 numerous herds of cattle, wintered here by them under the charge 

 of keepers. The grass is very abundant, and numerous springs are 

 found on both sides of it. 



On the eastern side of the mountain, which divides it from 

 Spring Valley, the same geological appearances occur as were seen 

 yesterday at the point of the range and on its western side. The 

 limestones were thrown up at a very great angle, and in some 

 places the strata were perpendicular. 



Another mule gave out to-rday, and was necessarily abandoned. 

 Ther. at sunset, 43°. 



Wednesday^ November 7. — Ther. at sunrise, 47°. Starting 

 early in the morning, we crossed to the eastern side of the valley, 

 followed the base of the mountain to its northern extremity, and 

 reached the shores of the Great Salt Lake near Black Rock, 

 whence we crossed the valley of the Jordan, over sterile artemisia 

 plains, and reached the city in the afternoon — being the first party 

 of white men that ever succeeded in making the entire circuit of 

 the lake by land. Attempts had, in early times, been made to 



