142 PROGRESS OF NEW SETTLEMENTS. 



Near the eastern shores of Lake Utah, a site for a city has been 

 selected on the left bank of the Provaux or Timpanogas River, an 

 affluent of the lake, which is to be called Provaux City. From 

 Ogden City on the north, all the way to this latter " Stake of 

 Zion," the base of the Wahsatch range is studded with flourishing 

 farms, wherever a little stream flows down the mountain-side with 

 water sufficient for irrigating purposes ; while in the gorges and 

 canons of the mountain are erected the saw and grist mills. Of 

 the former, sixteen, and of the latter, eleven have been completed, 

 and others are in the process of erection. 



To the south of Lake Utah, on one of its tributaries, another 

 city has been founded, called Paysan, and a hundred and thirty 

 miles farther, on the road to California, another, named Manti, in 

 what is called San Pete Valley. Still farther south, near Little 

 Salt Lake, two hundred and fifty miles south of the city, a fourth, 

 called Cedar City, has been laid out, in a spot possessing the ad- 

 vantages of excellent soil and water, plenty of wood, iron ore, and 

 alum, with some prospect of coal. It is the ultimate object of 

 the Mormons, by means of stations, wherever the nature of the 

 country will admit of their settling in numbers sufficient for self- 

 defence, to establish a line of communication with the Pacific, so as 

 to afi'ord aid to their brethren coming from abroad, while on their 

 pilgrimage to the land of promise. These stations will gradually 

 become connected by farms and smaller settlements wherever 

 practicable, until the greater part of the way will exhibit one long 

 line of cultivated fields from the Mormon capital to San Diego. 



The mode adopted for the founding of a new town is peculiar 

 and highly characteristic. An expedition is first sent out to ex- 

 plore the country, with a view to the selection of such points as, 

 from their natural advantages, ofier facilities for a settlement. 

 These being duly reported to the authorities, an elder of the 

 church is appointed to preside over the little band designated to 

 make the first improvement. This company is composed partly 

 of volunteers and partly of such as are selected by the presidency, 

 due regard being had to a proper intermixture of mechanical 

 artisans, to render the expedition independent of all aid from 

 without. In this way the settlement at San Pete was begun, 

 sixty families leaving in a body, under one of the high officers of 

 the church, and that in the month of October, undergoing all the 

 rigours of cold and snow, to establish another "stake" in the wil- 

 derness. In December of the following year, another expedition, 



