66 J. Bhaduri — Transformation of [No. 2, 



(1880); Hooh. fll Flor. Brit. Ind. iv. 658 (1885). G. armena Boiss. 

 Dlagn. ser. i. iv. 75 (1844) ; Ghoisy in DC Prodr. xii. 26 (1848). 



Asia Minor ; Armenia ; Persia ; Afghanistan ; Waziristan. 

 13. Lagotis brachystachya Maxim, Bull. Acad Imp. Petersh. xxvii. 

 625 (1881). 



Western China. 



t EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. 



Plate I. Lagotis pharica Prain. 



1. Bract. 2. Flower showing 2-lobed calyx : corolla with 3-fid lower lip and 

 each lobe of upper lip again 2-fid. 3. Flower showing 2-lobed calyx : corolla with 

 only 2-fid lower lip, and each lobe of npper lip again 3-fid. 4. Corolla with 3-fid 

 lower, and 2-fid upper lip, laid open. 5. Stamens. 6. Ovary and style. 7. Ripe 

 fruit. 8. The same opened. 9. Seed. All enlarged. 



Plate II. Lagotis crassifolia Prain. 



1. Bract and calyx, corolla removed. 2. Corolla laid open, with stamens and 

 pistil. 3. Ripe fruit. 4. Fruit opened, exposing seed. 5. Seeds. All enlarged. 



On the Transformation of Hypochlorites to Chlorates : being the HJlliott 

 Prize Essay for 1895. — By Jyotibhushan Bhaduri, M.A., Offg. 

 Demonstrator of Chemistry in the Presidency College, Calcutta. 

 [Read March 1896.] 



Contents. 



Introduction ... ... ... ... ...66 



Estimation of chlorates ... ... ... ... 67 



„ hypochlorites ... ... ... ... 70 



Action of chlorine on sodic hydrate ... ... ... 74 



Transformation of sodic hypochlorite in the dark (cold) ... 76 



Transformation at 100° C in the dark ... ... ... 78 



Introductory. 



The transformation of hypochlorites to chlorates is familiar to 

 every student of Chemistry. Though some exact knowledge has been 



t [Additional note : 21.5,96. InActaHort. Petrop. xiv., received in Herb. 

 Calc. since the foregoing was printed, M. Batalin describes (1. c 177) a new species, 

 Lagotis ramalana, clearly very distinct from any of the preceding. Its place in the 

 key should be next after L. pharica, the diagnosis being as follows : — 



Scape leafy, heads oblong, flowers shorter than bracts, leaf -blades one-third as 



long as petioles ; upper lip of corolla deeply divided; plants 8-15 cm. high 



3 L pharica. 



Scape leafless, heads globose, flowers longer than bracts, leaf-blades nearly as 

 long as petioles ; upper lip entire or only emarginate ; plants only 3"5 cm. high 

 3* L. ramalana. 



8 * Lagotis ramalana, Batalin, Acta Hort. Petrop. xiv, 177 (1895). 



Eastern Tibet.] 



