618 F. Finn — Experiments with various Birds. [No. 4 T 



4 



former was not molested by either kind of bird, though they looked at 

 it. Having given a Liothrix a Huphina phryne in my fingers from out- 

 side, I then offered, one in each hand, a Hypolimnas misippus 9 and a 

 Junonia. The latter was taken, but it was nearest the bird ; immedi- 

 ately afterwards another Liothrix tried to take the Junonia. 



I repeated the experiment with this mimic and a Catopsilia ; this 

 time the bird chose the Catopsilia, though not nearest. 



I repeated the experiment with the mimic and another Junonia ,- 

 the bird crossed over from the perch nearest the Hypolimnas to that 

 nearest the Junonia, and took this. 



I repeated the experiment with the Hypolimnas and a Huphina 

 phryne ; the birds were timid, but both insects were approached, and 

 the head of the Hypolimnas snatched off ; but when I left both stuck 

 in the netting, a Liothrix took the Huphina ; it was taken from it by a 

 Button-Quail. I stuck the mimic and a small ferruginous butterfly in 

 the netting ; the first Liothrix chose the latter. 



I put in a Danais chrysippus, which a Liothrix immediately seized,, 

 and I saw it at least partly eaten, I suppose by the same bird. 



I offered a D. chrysippus to the Button-Quail, which took and 

 killed it, but it was taken from them and eaten by a Liothrix. 



I put in two P. demoleus and two D. chrysippus ; one of the former 

 was taken and rejected by a Red-whiskered Bulbul. I saw one Papilia 

 eaten by a Button- Quail, and I think the other was. Of the 

 D. chrysippus one was swallowed whole by a common Bulbul, and one 

 killed by a Button-Quail, which lost it to a Liothrix, which ate it. 



I put in then six D. chrysippus, which were attacked by the 

 Liothrix and Red- whiskered Bulbuls, and I saw two swallowed by the 

 latter birds. While some of these Danais were alive, I put in three 

 more, and saw two worried and partly at least eaten by Button-Quails. 



As the birds were now going to roost, I ceased experimenting, 

 leaving three D. chrysippus and a P. aristolochise, alive, and another 

 of the latter species dead, in the aviary. There was still a little 

 fruit left, and there was always seed in the cage. 



The Bulbuls had no chance at any non-warningly coloured butter- 

 flies. 



VIII. Next day, no butterflies visible in the morning but the two 

 Papilio aristolochise, that left living still alive, though injured. I put in 

 specimens of Danais genutia, D. chrysippus, and D. limniace, and Euplcea, 

 which were attacked readily by the birds. I saw a Button-Quail swal- 

 low an Euplcea, and a Liothrix drop one. This I have seen Liothrix 

 do before, but I believe it will eat this species. 



There was no fruit in the cage. All the butterflies soon dis- 

 appeared. I put in some fruit, which the Bulbuls ate ravenously. 



