1897.] F. Finn — Experiments with various Birds. 639 



these were given, and I then took them out ; before which was done, I 

 saw the D. genutia flutter unharmed before the very bill of a Liothrix. 



XIII. I first gave the Chloropsis a Catopsilia. I put into the 

 aviary one each of Danais chrysippus, genutia, and limniace, Euploea, 

 Papillo aristolochise, and Neptis, all unhurt. I saw none attacked except 

 the last, and the Liothrix which attacked it did not follow up the attempt. 

 When, however, I put in two non-warningly coloured butterflies, they 

 were attacked and eaten by these birds. There was now no sign of the 

 Catopsilia just put in. The Neptis disappeared, but may have got out, 

 as I have seen one do once, which I caught. 



There were no maggots in the cage, and only a little fruit. The 

 Chloropsis to-day seemed not much to relish a small grey fly given him 

 and lost it without much concern. 



After dark I looked in the aviary and found the three Danais, 

 Euploea, and P. aristolochiee roosting unhurt. 



XIY. Next day, the five " protected " butterflies left last night 

 were all unhurt this morning, yet when I put in a male Hypolimnas, it 

 was soon taken by a Liothrix, and the Red- whiskered Bulbul ate some 

 fruit. 



I put the Common Bulbul in again. 



After some time I saw a Liothrix tearing the Danais limniace. 

 No maggots had been given yet, and I could not find the body of the 

 D. limniace, so I presume the bird ate it. Soon after I found the 

 D. genutia had been eaten, and the Euploea had disappeared, though 

 there were now maggots in the cage ; and about an hour later the 

 D. chrysippus had been eaten. 



I put into the aviary later (where there was fruit and rice-and- 

 milk) one specimen each of D. chrysippus, D. genutia, and D. Urn- 

 niace, Papilio demoleus, Euplaia, aud male Hypolimnas and Elymnias, 

 also P. polites, one mimetic and one not. These were not all put in 

 exactly at once, and the P. demoleus was first attacked, but not killed, 

 by a Liothrix. It was, however, eaten by the Red-whiskered Bulbul, 

 while a Liothrix was tearing the non-mimetic P. polites. The abdomen 

 of this specimen was eaten, after much fuss, by another Liothrix. The 

 Elymnias next disappeared, taken, I think, by the Common Bulbul. 

 This bird next attacked the Hypolimnas and ate it whole, apparently. 



The Papilio aristolochise- left in last night I found at mid-day, 

 minus its head, and in the evening I saw its crushed but uneaten body. 

 Danaids and Euploea not eaten to-day. 



Next day, I found early in the morning the three Danais and 

 Euploea still uneaten, and two, D. chrysippus and genutia, apparently 

 unhurt. There was fruit in the cage. Only the wings of the mimetic 



