1897.] F. Finn — Experiment*! with various Bird*. 643 



In the evening, maggots and fruit being available, I put in a small 

 plain-coloured dragon-fly, whieh was looked at by the Chloropsis, and 

 seized by a Liothrix. 



Then I introduced two specimens of Danais limniace and one each 

 of D. chrysippus, Papilio eurypylus and a mimetic P. polites, with four 

 non-warningly-coloured specimens. 



A Liothrix soon took and ate whole one of the last named, a small 

 one. The Chloropsis took another, which apparently escaped. A 

 Liothrix then took the P. eurypylus, which was taken from it by the 

 Common Bulbul and swallowed either by that bird or the Red- whis- 

 kered species. 



I now took out one D. limniace and put in an Euploea. 



A Liothrix now attacked with no great zest a non-warningly- 

 coloured butterfly, which another Liothrix took. I had put two of 

 these butterflies into a more prominent position. 



The last non-warningly-coloured specimen, a Catopsilia, had £ot 

 behind a dish, whence the Common Bulbul seemed to wish to take it 

 so I threw it out. The Chloropsis, however, got it, but it escaped twice 

 from this bird, which at last swallowed it with great difficulty. 



The two Danais and Euploea with the P. polites were still unhurt. 

 Next morning, all these were still alive, and the two Danais not even 

 hurt ; but some maggots also remained from the previous day. I 

 thereupon released all, and all could fly, except the P. polites, which 

 was weak and had been in the water. 



XIX. The Red- whiskered Bulbul having been released, I offered 

 to the birds (which at this time had had no butterflies for about a 

 fortnight, but had plenty of maggots and other food) a Junonia and 

 a Danais limniace. Neither insect was attacked at once, though the 

 Chloropsis and Liothrix paid some attention to the former. 



I then put in a male and female of Hypolimnas bolina, while the 

 other two butterflies had not as yet been touched ; neither were these 

 Hypolimnas at once. Presently, however, a Liothrix seized the male 

 but it got away easily, and was not pursued. Shortly after I found the 

 Junonia missing, and the body of the male Hypolimnas, minus head and 

 nearly the whole of the wings, on the floor. The Chloropsis soon took 

 beat, and at last swallowed it. 



The birds may not have been very eager for insects, since twice to- 

 day during these experiments I saw the common grey house-flies un- 

 molested in the cage. 



Next morning I found the female Hypolimnas being torn by a 

 Liothrix ; it seemed to be already dead. The D. limniace had not even 

 been killed, and was, I think, removed when the aviary was cleared. 



