668 L. de Niceville — List of the Butterflies of Bali, Sfc. [No. 4, 



supported by the facts detailed in this and my former papers, so far as 

 they deal with Birds (and with the one Mammal used). Professor 

 Poulton's suggestion that animals may be forced by hunger to eat 

 unpalateable forms is also more than confirmed, as the unpalateable 

 forms were commonly eaten without the stimulus of actual hunger — 

 generally, also, I may add, without signs of dislike. 



To future experimenters I would offer the following hints derived 

 from my experiences as detailed in this series of papers. 



1. Use animals at liberty for experimenting with if possible. 



2. If these are not available, confine your subjects singly, and feed 

 them well and naturally, letting them be neither hungry nor pampered. 

 Cages should be of portable size (about two feet every way) and made 

 (for birds) of half-inch mesh wire netting with plain wooden floor 

 without a tray. This is to prevent insects getting out or being con- 

 cealed. 



3. Use wild-caught specimens in preference to hand-reared ones. 



4. Remember that the best and often the only way to determine an 

 animaVs tastes is to offer it a choice. 



A List of the Butterflies of Bali, Lnmbok, Sambawa and Sumba.— By 

 Lionel de Niceville, F.E.S., C.M.Z.S., <^c, and H. J. Elwes, 

 F.R.S., F.L.S., F.Z.S., F.E.S. 



[Received 25th November; Read 1st December, 1897.] 



The Islands of Bali, Lombok and Sambawa in the Malayan or 

 Eastern Archipelago extend almost in a straight line from Java on the 

 west to Flores on the east; Sumba or Sandalwood Island lies to the 

 south of Flores ; all the islands are adjacent, with narrow straits 

 between them. In continuation of this line of islands from west to east 

 are Flores, Adanara, Ombai and Wetter, with Timor, the largest island 

 of them all, lying to the south of the two latter. Herr J. Rober in 

 Tijd. voor Ent., vol. xxxiv, pp. 261-322 (1891), has written a paper on the 

 butterflies of Flores, Wetter, and Timor; while Mynheer P. C. T. 

 Snellen has in the same periodical, vols, xxxiii, p. 98 (1890), and xxxiv, 

 p. 229 (1891), described the butterflies of Flores. Unfortunately neither 

 of the present writers possesses any considerable collections of butterflies 

 from any of these islands, but which should certainly be compared with 

 those given in this paper. As far as possible we have brought together 



