Lava Residuals. 133 



Previous work. 



The first notice of a lava residual seems to have been by Mr. R. 

 .A. F. Murray,! who, more than thirty years ago, described those at 

 JDargo. He clearly recognised their physiographical significance, 

 and commented on the condition of the ancient valleys immediately 

 preceding the issue of the older lavas, indicating, among other 

 interesting facts, the direction of the valleys. The sections illus- 

 trating the paper show the profiles of the pre-Older Basalt valleys. 



Later, Messrs. S. B. Hunter, 2 A. M. Howitt,^ and others, de- 

 . scribed and sectioned residuals in the north-east portion of Vic- 

 -toria, and showed them to possess characteristics in common with 

 those at Dargo. 



At a later date, Mr. Murray^ sectioned the residual at Upper 

 Pakenham, and indicated its bearing on the local physiography. 

 'This residual is typical of one evolved from a confined lava field, 

 and from data that have since accumulated I have attempted 

 .another section. 



At a still later date Prof. Gregory^ sectioned the Kangaroo 

 'Ground residual. 



From a physiographical standpoint, Mr. J. T. Jutson's several 

 papers^ cover much of the area dealt with in this paper; Prof. 

 Gregory, 7 in a broad way, has treated on the whole of it; while 

 Messrs. N. B. Junner,8 T. S. Hart,9 M. Morris, iO, and Dr. T. S. 

 Hall,i'i and Dr. G. B. Pritchardi2 have from time to time commented 

 on portions of it. 



Reference will be made to these several contributions where the 

 -context requires it. 



Bass Strait lava field. 



The lava that partly occupied the ancient drainage systems of 

 Western Port and Port Phillip is the northern fringe of a lava 

 .field that has for the most part been submerged by the waters of 



1 Vide Bibliojjf.. No. 16. 



2 Ibid., No. 10. 



3 Ibid., No. 9. 



4 Ibid., No. 17. 



5 Ibid., No. 4. 



•6 Ibid., No. 12 and 13. 



7 Ibid., No. 4. 



8 Ibid., No. 11. 



9 Ibid., No. 7. 



10 Ibid., No. 15 



11 Ibid., No. h. 

 .12 Ibid., No. 19. 



