21 '2 Charles Fenner : 



toriaii highlands — grading from 6000 feet above sea level in the- 

 east, to a few liundred feet in the west — was completed about the- 

 time of the older basalts (? Miocene), when the first important 

 uplift took place. This may have gradually continued, with inter- 

 missions, but in a period subsequent to or contemporaneous with 

 the newer basaltic eruptions, there was a second considerable move- 

 ment of uplift. 



Tliis last movement would seem to coincide with the later dates 

 (Kalimnan and Pleistocene) arrived at by the majority of previous 

 AM" iters. 



The proofs produced in the next section, regarding the ages of 

 the faults in the area under discussion, bear closely on this ques- 

 tion. 



(b) 77/ e fanrlting, its ar/e and effects. 



On the oLcasion of the reading of a paper before the Royal 

 Society of Victoria in 191.3 (ref. 19), in which extensive block 

 faulting was postulated on purely physiographic grounds, the then: 

 President of the Society tendered to the writer a kindly caution 

 against accepting large faults in any area without abundant 

 proofs, especially those of a stratigraphical nature. This advice 

 has tended to make him very cautious and critical in his working 

 out of the faults of the Werribee River area. 



Experience in the field, however, combined with reading on this, 

 matter, and consultation of maps and sections from various closely- 

 mapped areas in this country and others, leads to the conclusion 

 that, in addition to the few dominating faults which will be- 

 clearly demonstrated in this paper, abundant other faults, of less 

 extensive movement, occur. The conviction is here expressed that 

 block B, and especially the complex Bacchus Marsh area, will be 

 proved on more thoi'ough knowledge to be a mosaic of small faulted 

 blocks. 



New South Wales has ever taken the lead in Australian physio- 

 graphic questions, and there the most able exponents, David, 

 Andrews, Taylor, and others, abundantly demonstrate block fault- 

 ing as an important feature. 



Mr. Andrews, however, among much generous advice tendered to- 

 the Avriter by letter, states tliat his more mature views are that 

 *' Epeirogenic uplifts and differential erosion have been the key to- 

 the tertiary history of Eastern Australia, with block faulting as a. 

 subordinate feature.'* 



