Tertiary Fossils. 240 



This deposit can be referred to the Werrikooian, as it is geologi- 

 -cally comparable with the Glenelg upraised marine beds. It also 

 occurs in the upper part of the Croydon Bore, near Adelaide, to 

 about 400 feet. One of the connnonest fossils in this bed is Orbi- 

 tolitts conipLanata. This foraminifer is now living on the Aus- 

 tralian coast, but at lower latitudes. For exami)le, on the west 

 -coasc, at Shark's Bay (lat. 25' S.), and on tlieeast coast at the 

 Barrier Reef (from about lat. 2.3 S.). Tlie occurrence of OrhifO' 

 litts at the higher latitude of 32'^S. denotes a warmer climate in 

 Werrikooian and Older Pleistocene times. During the Weeri- 

 kooian a number of tlie molluscan species became extinct, whilst 

 others, along with Orbitolites^ persisted. 



In the next period, the Older Pleistocene, the bed of shells and 

 foraminifera emerged from the sea, and was raised to a heiglit of 

 about 381 feet between that time and the present; it is found 

 to-day overlying the Janjukian limestones at the Ooldea Soak, 100 

 miles inland. Upon the present coast line, in late Pleistocene 

 times there was laid down an ordinary beach deposit with shells, 

 and this is now found forming ledges and raised beaches at pro- 

 tected places along the southern coast, denoting the continuance 

 of the uplift along the shores of the Great Bight even to the 

 present time. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 



Platk XVI. 



Fig. 1. — Orhicella tasmanie7isis, Duncan sp. Miocene (Janjukian), 

 From surface of Salt Lake, W. of Ooldea, South Aus- 

 tralia. Circ. nat. size. 

 ,, 2. — Fragment of Raised Beach, of Older Pleistocene age; 

 showing Pinna inermis, Tate (shell at base), BulUiria 

 hotanica, Hedley, and Bittiwm cerithiumy Q. and G. sp. 

 Ooldea district, South Australia. Three-fifths nat. size. 



Pl.ATK XVII. 



Fig. 1. — Cutting with fossiliferous Tertiary limestone (Miocene); 

 half mile east of Watson. 

 ,, 2. — Blowhole in Miocene limestone, near Ooldea. (Photo- 

 graphs on this plate by Mr. F. A. Cudmore.) 



ISA 



