176 CYPRINIDJE. 



L. victorianus fuellelorni, Hilgendorf & Pappenheim, Sitzb. Ges. naturf. Fr. Berlin, 

 1903, p. 268, from Lake Rukwa, should probably be regarded as a distinct species, 

 having a straight-edged dorsal fin in the adult, the caudal peduncle not or but slightly 

 longer than deep, and only 36 scales in the lateral line. 



5. LABEO FORSKALII. 

 (Plate XXVII. fig. 2 and Plate XXXI. fig. 3.) 



Cyprinus niloticus, var. b, Forskal, Descr. Anim. p. 71 (1775). 



Labeo forskalii, Riippell, Mus. Senckenb. ii. p. 18, pi. iii. fig. 1 (1835) ; Cuvier & Valenciennes, 



Hist. Poiss. xvi. p. 343 (1812) ; Heckel, Russegger's Reise Egypt, iii. p. 301, pi. xx. fig. 2 



(1846), 

 Labeo forskalii, part., Giinther, Cat. Fish. vii. p. 50 (1868), and Petherick's Trav. ii. p. 260 (1869). 



Body more or less compressed, its greatest depth three and one-third to four and 

 one-fourth times in the total length. Head four to five times in the total length, its 

 width two-thirds to four-fifths its length ; snout rounded, strongly projecting, more or 

 less swollen, often with a more or less distinct curved transverse groove above, its 

 length about half, or a little more than half, the length of the head ; eye small, 

 superolateral, entirely or nearly entirely visible from above, its diameter five and a 

 half to eight times in the length of the head (four or five times in the very young) ; 

 interorbital width two-fifths to one-half the length of the head ; mouth strongly arched, 

 its width two-fifths to three-fifths the length of the head ; lips strongly developed, the 

 upper straight-edged, the lower more or less expanded and bordered in front by a 

 fringe of papillae, the posterior border being more or less distinctly festooned; inner 

 surface of lips with small papillae forming numerous transverse plicae ; rostral flap 

 large, completely detached at the sides, its edge entire or more or less distinctly 

 festooned ; a minute barbel in the corner of the mouth, concealed under the folds of 

 the skin * ; horny tubercles on the snout, or their crater-like scars, much developed 

 in the adult, more so in the males than in the females. Dorsal fin composed of 

 III 10 (rarely 9 or 11) rays, equally distant from the end of the snout or the nostrils 

 and the root of the caudal fin, its upper edge concave, the last simple ray and the first 

 branched ray more or less produced in the males ; except in very young and certain 

 female specimens, the longest rays more or less considerably exceed the length of the 

 head. Anal fin with III 5 rays, falcate, shorter than the head, often reaching, when 

 folded, the root of the caudal. Pectoral fin broad, more or less distinctly falcate, 

 nearly as long as the head, not reaching the ventral, the first ray of which falls below 

 the fourth or fifth branched ray of the dorsal. Caudal fin very deeply emarginate, 



* A minute anterior barbel is present in three very young specimens obtained at Luxor by Mr. Loat. 



