35 8 SILUEID^E. 



paintings of the ancient Egyptians, as, for instance, at Giza and Sapara * and at Deir-el- 

 Gebrawi f. 



An example of S. schall was found buried in the animal cemetery of Medinet Gurob 

 by Mr. Loat in 1903 $. 



Native names as noted by Mr. Loat :— " Shal" (JU), at Cairo, Barrage N. of Cairo, 

 Beni Souef, Lake Borollos, Kafr-el-Zayat, Lake Edkou, Lake Menzaleh, Fayum, Assiut; 

 " shal beladie" (<odL J It), which means " common Shal," is sometimes applied to this 

 species at Beni Souef and Kafr-el-Zayat, to distinguish it from another kind of Shal 

 (" shal aboo redid ") ; " zazoo " (jfj), applied at Samannud and some other localities to 

 small specimens of Shal; " gorgar" at Assiut, Sohag, Akhmim ; il gorgar zumar" or 

 " zumar " (^JJ), at Girga, Nag 'Hamadeh ; " gargour " ( jfj) is the common name 

 at Assuan and in Nubia from Shellal to Wady Haifa for this species, but many fisher- 

 men distinguish two kinds, as noted under S. serratus (generally speaking, the word 

 "gorgar" is used from Assiut to Luxor for this species, and the word "shal" from 

 Assiut northwards) ; " gargour abu soomah " or " abu soomah " (ju^ fijffi* &t Assuan 

 (the words "abu soomah " are generally pronounced like one word, thus " abusmah") • 

 '" gargour fa sha' gar" (J^J j^J) 9 this name is used in Nubia sometimes in referring 

 to "gargour gowagie" (S. serratus) ("fashagar" is a Berberine word) § ; "gargour 

 turque" {^Jj jy SJ) is used at Wady Haifa, and refers to white examples, which are 

 occasionally found. The Common Shal is called "gargour beladie" or " gargour abu 

 sdmh " {abu sumah) at Omclurman. 



2. SYNODONTIS FRONTOSUS. 

 (Plate LXV.) 



Yaillant, C. R. Soc. Philom. 1895, p. 48, and N. Arch. Mus. (3) vii. pi. x. fig. 8, & viii. 1896, p. 147 ; 



Boulenger, Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) xvii. 1906, p. 566. 

 Synodontis citernii, Yinciguerra, Ann. Mus. Grenova, (2) xix. 1898, p. 247. 



Body feebly compressed, its depth three to three and two-thirds times in the total 

 length, the length of the head three to three and a half times. Head once and one- 

 fourth to once and a half as long as broad, as deep as broad, rugose above, the 

 rugosities extending more or less on the snout, which is rounded and as long as the 



* Cf. Lepsius, Denkmaeler, Abth. ii. pis. ix. & xlvi. 

 f Cf. Archaeol. Surv. Egypt, xi. & xii. 1902. 

 t Cf. Loat, Gurob, Egyptian Eesearch Account, x. 1904, p. 5. 



§ The termination " -gar " or " -car " is the Nubian form of plural, and in speaking of fish this termination 

 is nearly always added. 



