MOEONE. 447 



palatines ; tongue with patches of teeth. Head scaly ; prse operculum serrated ; 

 operculum with two spines. Two dorsal fins, contiguous or narrowly separated, with 

 VIII-X, I— II 11-14 rays, the first a little longer than the second. Anal fin short, 

 with III 8-12 rays. Pectoral fin asymmetrical, obtusely pointed. Vertebrae 25 

 (12 + 13). 



Atlantic coasts of Europe, North-west Africa, and North America ; Mediterranean ; 

 fresh waters of North America (Mississippi and eastwards). Only six species are 

 known, four of which are American. 



Although strictly speaking marine, the two species here dealt with are included in. 

 the account of the freshwater fishes on the same grounds as the Grey Mullets, which 

 similarly occasionally migrate up the Lower Nile. 



1. MORONE LABRAX 



Perca labrax, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 482 (1766) ; Donovan, Brit. Fish* ii. pL xliii. (1802). 



Perca punctata, Gmelin, Syst. Nat, i. p. 1311 (1789). 



Sciama labrax, Bloch, Nat. Ausl. Fische, vi. p. 52, pL ccci. (1792). 



Sciama diacantha, Bloch, t. c. p. 58, pi. cccii. 



Perca diacantlia, Bloch-Schneider, Syst. Ichth. i. p 85 (1801). 



Centropomus lupus, Lacepede, Hist. Poiss. iv. p. 267 (1802). 



Perca elongata, Geoffroy, Descr. Egypte, Poiss. pi. xix. fig. 1 (1809). 



Perca sinuosa, I. Geoffroy, op. cit. p. 316, pi. xx. fig. 3. 



Labrax lupus, Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Poiss. ii. pi 56, pi. ii. (1828) ; Yarrell, Brit. Fish. i. 

 p. 6, fig. (1836) ; Bonaparte, Icon. Faun. Ital., Pesci (1836) ; Kroyer, Damn. Fisk. i. p. 23 

 (1838) ; Costa, Faun. Nap., Pesci, pi. v. (1850) ; Giinther, Cat. Fish. i. p. 63 (1859) \ Stein- 

 dachner, Yerh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xii. 1862, p. 496 ; Couch, Brit. Fish. i. p. 189, pi. xl. 

 (1862); Giinther, Ann, & Mag. N. H. (3) xii. 1863, p. 175; Brito Capello, Jorn. Sc. List), 

 i. 1867, p. 154, figs. ; Steindachner, Sitzb. Ak. Wien, lvi. i. 1867, p. 606 ; Canestrini, Faun. 

 Ital., Pesci, p. 78 (1874) ; Collett, Vid. Selsk. Forh. Christ. 1874, no. 3, p. 15 (1875) ; Day, 

 Fish. Gr. Brit. p. 8, pi. ii. (1880) ; Moreau, Poiss. France, ii. p. 333 (1881) ; Lilljeborg, Sver. 

 Norg. Fisk. i. p. 55 (1881) ; Mobius & Heincke, Fische Ostsee, p. 31 (1883) ; Doderlein, 

 Man. Ittiol. Medit. iv. p. 16 (1889). 



Labrax elongatus, Cuvier & Valenciennes, t. c. p. 77 ; Giinther, t. c. p. 64. 



Labrax vulgaris, Guerin, Icon. Regne Anirn., Poiss. pi. i. fig. 4 (1829). 



Labrax diacanthus, Gill, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1860, p. 110 ; Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1865, p. 96. 



Dicentrarclius elongatus, Gill, t. c. p. 111. 



Labrax linnet, Malm, Goteb. Bohusl. Faun. p. 379 (1877). 



LHcentrarchits labrax, Jordan & Eigenmann, Bull. U.S. Fish Comra. viii 1890, p. 425* 



Roccus labrax, Smitt, Scand. Fish. i. p. 45, fig. (1893). 



Morone labrax, Boulenger, Cat. Fish. i. p. 130 (1895). 



Depth of body three and frvo-thirds to four and a half times in the total length, 



