532 CICHLIXLE. 



the upper jaw ; two or three series of scales on the cheek, forming a narrow oblique 

 band which in its widest part does not exceed the width of the naked prEeoperculum ; 

 large scales on the opercle. Gill-rakers short, 18 to 25 on lower part of anterior arch. 

 Dorsal fin with 15 to 17 spines and 12 to 14 soft rays; spines very strong, increasing 

 in length to the last, which measures three-fifths to two-thirds the length of the head ; 

 longest soft rays half to once the length of the head. Anal fin with 3 spines and 

 10 to 12 soft rays ; third spine as long as or a little longer or a little shorter than the 

 last dorsal. Pectoral fin falciform, once to once and two-fifths the length of the head, 

 extending as far as the origin of the anal, or beyond. Ventral fin reaching the vent or 

 the anal. Caudal fin truncate or feebly notched. Caudal peduncle deeper than long. 

 Scales not denticulate, 30-34 —^ ; lateral lines ^||. 



Whitish to brownish or olive-green, uniform or with small dark spots, or with ill- 

 defined darker streaks along the series of scales ; a more or less distinct dark opercular 

 spot ; vertical fins greyish or brown, without markings in the adult. Young with 

 5 to 9 more or less distinct dark transverse bands on the body, and oblique dark 

 streaks on the dorsal and anal fins ; a round blackish spot is present on the anterior 

 part of the soft part of the dorsal fin in very young specimens. 



The largest specimen examined by me measures 420 millimetres. 



Tilapia galilcBa is known from Lake Galilee and the Jordan, the Nile from its 

 mouths to Gondokoro, West Africa from the Senegal to the Niger, and the Ubanghi. 



List of specimens examined : — 



3 Lake Galilee. — Canon Tristram, 1864. 



5 Lake Mareotis.— Loat, 12.11.99. 



1 Near Ghet-el-Nassara, Lake Menzaleh, in freshwater pool. — Loat, 11.6.99. 



1 Near Cairo, in trench by side of road to Pyramids of Giza. — Loat, 6.4.99. 

 5 Zoological Gardens, Giza. — Loat, 14-21.3.99. 



8 Birket Karun, Fayum.— Loat, 29.9-1.10.99. 



2 Bahr-el-Tawilah, Fayum.— Loat, 26.6.99. 

 1 Bahr Selah, Fayum.— Loat, 6.10.99. 



1 Khartum.— Petherick, 1861. 



27 Omdurman.— Loat, 21-26.5.01. 



1 Rosaires, Blue Nile.— Loat, 31.10.01. 



1 Gondokoro.— Loat, 13.1.02. 



2 St. Louis, Senegal.— Delhez, 1899. 

 5 Kaedi, Senegal.— Delhez, 1899. 



2 Gambia.— Sir A. Moloney, 1884. 



2 Gambia.— Budgett, 1900. 



5 Niger.— W. A. Forbes, 1883. 



2 Jebba, Upper Niger.— Dr. Christy, 1899. 



1 Jebba, Upper Niger.— Capt. G. F. Abadie, 1899. 



