REPORT ON FIELD MEETINGS 49 1 



of shales, thinner sandstones and Hmestones. These beds 

 display some remarkable examples of complex faulting. 

 Brought into the section by these complicated faults, the Six 

 Yards Limestone gives rise to a scar jutting far out into the 

 sea, and stretches as a gentle S-fold to the bay south of 

 Cullernose Point. The limestone, which is about twenty feet 

 in thickness, is built up of thick courses. Latissimoid 

 Producti are very abundant. 



Close to Cullernose Point the Four Fathom Limestone 

 appears in the cliff. The bed, about thirty feet thick, is 

 divided by a richly fossiliferous shale into two halves. The 

 upper half contains numerous chertose bands which stand out 

 from the softer matrix through weathering, whilst the lower 

 portion consists of a series of thick "posts" as in the case of 

 the " Six Yards." Above the bed is a thick black shale 

 (30 feet -l"), below it a sandstone. 



The strata, which dip io° towards the north, are faulted 

 against a coarse sandstone or grit, the line of faulting being 

 occupied by a basaltic dyke. The sandstone with its associated 

 shale passes, after two or three violent contortions, beneath 

 the Great Whin Sill, which near the junction of the igneous 

 intrusion and the sedimentary strata has taken into itself 

 several large masses of the latter. 



Cullernose Point rises a majestic wall of basaltic columns, 

 which stretches northwards as far as Dunstanburgh, a 

 distance of two miles. 



Though mainly geological, the day was not devoid of other 

 interests. Botanically, this was specially manifest at Howick 

 Burn and grounds, which, thanks to the courtesy of the 

 Countess Grey, we were permitted to enter. The wide and 

 marshy entrance to the burn was conspicuous by a prolific 

 growth of the Great Hairy Willow Herb in full bloom, in the 

 midst of which we found an extensive bed of its near relation 

 the handsome Purple Loosestrife luxuriating in so favourable 

 a station ; also on a grassy bank near the sea was observed 



