72 MR. C. T. TRECHMANN ON 



Flakes and Chippings. — These are by far the most numerous 

 relics on this as on most other Neolithic sites, the largest 

 measuring about three inches ; many are very symmetrical, 

 and show great skill in flaking ; many of the larger specimens 

 have been used as knives and scrapers without any further 

 chipping, as shown by their blunted edges ; some are more or 

 less delicately flaked across the upper surface. 



One specimen (Plate IV., fig. 12) measuring if -in. is formed 

 of a single flake from the outside of a large rounded nodule of 

 dark grey flint, and has had most of the crust or surface of 

 the nodule carved away by a sort of parallel flaking. This 

 specimen was picked up in a sheep track on an elevated knoll 

 some distance from the chimney. A similar specimen is 

 figured, Plate IV., fig. 13, Other flakes (Plate IV., figs. 17 

 and 18) are remarkable for their symmetry. 



The flint of which the foregoing implements are formed is 

 very variable in texture and description, ranging from white 

 and light yellow translucent material through various shades 

 of pink and grey, opaque and nearly transparent to almost 

 black, though never so black as some of the freshly broken 

 upper chalk flint of South England. The surface of the 

 nodules is apparent in many cases, and shows that much 

 of the flint has been taken from weathered or water-rolled 

 masses. 



Several dozens of symmetrical flakes occurred, while well 

 over a thousand indefinite chippings and fragments were picked 

 up. One very symmetrical flake of reddish banded chert of the 

 kind found in the lower carboniferous (Yoredale) series in the 

 vicinity (Plate IV., fig, 17) was picked up; in addition to this 

 specimen other flakes and chips, together with many cores or 

 nuclei of chert were gathered up. 



The flint cores on the contrary were very scarce, not above 

 six examples being found, while the unworked nodules were 

 quite absent. This is a curious fact in presence of the very 

 large proportion of flakes picked up, and suggests that the 

 flint was brought to the locality in an already flaked condition 

 by the wandering tribes from the south, who gathered up 



