3& NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



The lowest channels in this district and eastward are conspicu- 

 ously represented by the banks or bluffs which formed the south 

 walls of the rivers. These are plainly seen in many places between 

 Syracuse and Oneida from the New York Central and the West 

 Shore Railroads, and have been described and illustrated in a 

 former paper [title 28]. Facing the bluffs are the smooth, level 

 surfaces that formed the floors of the latest glacial rivers of the 

 region, and which prepared, as if purposely, the graded stretches 

 for the canal and railroads. For considerable distances between 

 Manlius Center and Canastota the Erie canal uses the old river 

 bluffs for the south bank. 



On the west flank of the Eagle Hill mass the water work is evi- 

 dent over all the saliences of the slope, but is not readily mapped. 

 The direction of the scourways indicate the existence of an ice lobe 

 or tongue in the Limestone valley extending up to Manlius, and 

 beyond, and producing a curving flow of the waters around the 

 slope north of the village. The West Shore Railroad northwest of 

 Manlius lies along the lowest terrace. 



Only one decided cataract has been found; lying i\ miles east of 

 Fayetteville near a north and south road, but without any lake. 

 The drift rubbish below the cataract resembles moraine [pi. 27]. 

 On the steep slopes southwest of Chittenango the waters cut 

 ravines and gorges with cascades. 



Two and one half miles northeast of Fayetteville are two lakes, 

 Round and Green lakes, lying in the course of a river channel 

 excavated in Salina shales. On account of the nonresistant char- 

 acter of the strata the lake basins and the valley have sloping 

 sides and the plunge-basin origin of the lakes is not so evident as 

 in the case of Jamesville and Blue lakes. The Round and Green 

 lakes were probably once united but accumulation of travertine and 

 peat has produced division. 



A large volume of delta material must have been swept into the 

 narrow Chittenango valley, north and south of the village, but 

 mostly or entirely removed by the present stream. The absence of 

 delta convention on the map south of the village must not be 

 regarded as final, as close examination has not been made. North- 

 west of the village and north of Mycenae considerable areas are 

 buried under stream detritus. 



In the channel followed by the road between Fayetteville and 

 Mycenae, Pools Brook hollow, are clusters of low knolls along the 

 valley sides which might easily be mistaken for moraine, but which 



