98 NEBRASKA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



the morning when a frost seems imminent, and the smoke prevents 

 much damage. 



Miller — I don't believe in wind-breaks • I think they cause blight. 

 My neighbor has heavy wind-breaks around his orchard and his trees 

 blight very badly, while mine are free from blight and have no pro- 

 tection. I cover everything I can ; would cover my apple trees if I 

 could, but I have no use for a wind-break. I think if we can pro- 

 tect from the late spring frosts, as Mr. Stephens has said, we are all 

 right. 



Beltzer — I know of an orchard right on top of a bluff that 

 has no protection whatever, and it bears well every year. I would 

 not give one cent for a wind-break. I can't see what good a wind- 

 break is doing around an orchard anyhow. 



Smith — It protects the trees from the hot winds in summer. 



Carpenter — I think it a benefit to have a wind-break on the 

 south and west, but none on the north. 



Cole — I know of an orchard on a hill where it has no protection, 

 and it is blighting very badly. 



Gage — I must take issue with Mr. Carpenter. We jump at con- 

 clusions too much; it may be that wind-breaks don't cause the fail- 

 ure, there may be some other cause. I can't help thinking that a 

 sweeping north wind is not good for any plant. Another thing, a 

 wind-break on the north causes the snow to lie on the ground, and 

 this is a good thing for plants. I think vines are protected by a 

 north wind-break. 



WINTER APPLES. 



BY PETER YOUNGERS, JR. 



There are many things that can and ought to come under the range 

 of winter apples. 



That would make a paper on this subject too long for a reading at 

 this meeting. So we will confine our remarks to a few of the most 

 important items. 



As we take it for granted that this paper is intended to be of some 

 use to the new planter, we therefore leave out many points familiar to 

 the old fruit grower that would take up too much space in this paper, 

 as the discussion will bring them out this afternoon. 



