FOREST AND FRUIT TREES. 257 



Pine, (Pinus) — Austrian or Black, (Austriaca.) — A remarkably 

 robust, hardy, spreading tree; leaves long, stiff, and dark green; 

 growth rapid; valuable for this country. Scotch, (Sylvestris.) — A 

 fine, robust, rapid growing tree, with stout, erect shoots and silver- 

 green foliage. White, (Strobus.) — The most ornamental of all our 

 native pines; foliage light, delicate or silvery green; flourishes in the 

 poorest soils. 



Spruce, (Abies.) — Norway, (Excelsa.) — A lofty, elegant tree of per- 

 fect pyramidal habit, remarkably elegant and rich, and as it gets age 

 has line, graceful, pendulous branches ; it is exceedingly picturesque 

 and beautiful. Very popular and deservedly so, and should be 

 largely planted. One of the best evergreens for hedges. American 

 White, (Alba.) — A tall tree with loose, spreading branches, and light 

 green foliage. Virginian, (Virgin ica.)- — The Red Cedar. — A well- 

 known American tree, with deep green foliage; makes a fine orna- 

 mental hedge plant and also a good lawn tree. Does well in the dry- 

 est situations. 



Of the spruces there are three that are recognized as distinct spe- 

 cies — there may be more. Picea Pungens, (of Engelman;) Abies 

 Menziesii), of Douglas.) This beautiful spruce was discovered by 

 Douglas in Northern California, and is found along our western coast 

 as far north as the island of Sitka. It is also found in the Rocky 

 mountains, in the gulches, and on the northern slopes near the 

 streams, at an altitude of 7,000 to 9,000 feet. I consider this the 

 most useful of all the evergreens for ornamental purposes in Nebraska, 

 for the following reasons : It is easy to propagate. It bears trans- 

 planting remarkably well. Endures the coldest winters and hottest 

 summers equally well. It is the most beautiful in form and color, 

 varying from dark green to almost silvery white. 



The Menzies spruce is found growing in many grounds in Iowa 

 and Nebraska, and is doing well wherever tested. It is a rapid 

 grower, and should be in every collection. 



Picea Engelmanni, (of Engelmann;) Abies Engelmanni, (of 

 Hoopes.) This spruce was discovered by Dr. Parry, who named it 

 after Dr. Engelmann. This spruce was found growing on the north- 

 ern slopes, and in the gulches on the headwaters of the streams on 

 both side of the snowy range, where the altitude is more than 8,000 

 feet ; it is found most abundant at 9,000 to 10,000 feet ; it is mixed 

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