274 NEBRASKA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



(when a good wind is blowing) just before a shower; the plants will 

 sprout out again in a short time. Now, if they survive this heroic 

 treatment at the time when they are weakened by bearing a heavy crop 

 of berries and before they have made new roots, they certainly would 

 be better able to stand it in early spring, and still bear a crop of ber- 

 ries. What do you think? There are no doubt others who are equally 

 troubled with this pest as myself." 



This leaf roller is certainly one of the most destructive of the straw- 

 berry pests, and when once established is liable to cause great damage. 

 The plan of burning the vines in summer has been highly recom- 

 mended, and if applied at the right time, when most of the insects are 

 in the pupa stage, must prove a great assistance, though not destroying 

 all the insects. The plan which seems to me would be most effectual, 

 where they are extremely bad, would be to spray the vines with Lon- 

 don purple in spring as soon as the leaves are well out and before the 

 berries are fully set, which would kill off the spring brood of these 

 insects, as well as destroy the other troublesome pest, the strawberry 

 false worm. Then after the berries are picked, or as soon as the sec- 

 ond brood of worms appear, spray again, and a week or ten days later 

 mow and burn as usual, which would be pretty sure to catch any that 

 had reached the pupa stage before spraying. This, of course, means 

 some work for one season, but if thoroughly applied throughout a 

 plantation, there should be comparative freedom from the insect for 

 some years afterward. The spraying can be done very rapidly with a 

 force pump, or the vines can be dusted with the poison if spraying 

 apparatus is not at hand. 



KILLING OF UNRIPENED WOOD. 



Mr. Theodore Smith, of Washington, speaks of discolored wood of 

 fruit trees in that section, and asks if I can give any reason why one 

 variety should be injured in this way more than another. 



The word "hardy" as used is a relative term. If the conditions 

 are favorable in the fall to perfect ripening of the wood most of the 

 temperate zone fruits will endure very low winter weather. To illus- 

 trate: In the winter of 1888 Dr. Byron D. Halsted gave much time 

 to the work of trying to discover some difference in the cell structure 



