No. 5. ] Paris-green as an lusccficide for destroying Caterjnllars. 141 



" Various forms of apparatus would answer this purpose ; but to give mention 

 of a few different kinds of spraying machines which have been found to answer here, 

 tliere is, for use in fruit grounds wliere the trees are too chisely packed with under- 

 growth for anything but a portable form to be admissible, the kind known as tlie 

 knapsack sprayer. The knapsack pump, I'Eclair, No 1, is a can or reservoir which 

 may be carried on a man's shoulders, and by means of a hose and nozzle throws a 

 fine spray to the height of fourteen or fifteen feet. This spraying machine answers 

 well so far as the spray reaches. It is procurable from the English Agents of M. 

 Vermorel, JV1 essrs, Charles Clerk & Co., "Windsor Chambers, Gt. Helen's, London, E. C. 

 I'rice 35s., packed and delivered in London, at any railway station. 



"Another form of spraying machine is in a barrel holding about 36 gallons of 

 water, fitted with powerful pump and two jets and sprayers, and also automatic 

 dashers for keeping the fluid properly mixed. The pumps will draw to a height 

 of thirty to forty feet. 



"' The barrel is of course mounted on wheels, and has a pump fixed to the rear 

 with two delivery pipes, to which are attached whatever length of tubing (India- 

 rubber) may be necessar}'. Three men go with the apparatus, two men to spray 

 and one to pump.' Under ordinary circumstances of wind this machine will spray 

 three thousand trees in a day. The manufacturers are Messrs. Boulton and Paul, 

 Hose Lane Works, Norwich. The price £8 15*. 



" The Strawsonzier is another form of sprayer that, where fitted for vertical delivery, 

 may be expected to be exceedingly useful. Information as to different forms of this 

 " air drill," for throwing fluid or dust dressings, would be procurable from the 

 manufacturers, Messrs. R. Hcrnsby & Sons, Spittlegate Iron "Works, Grantham. 



" In mentioning the above forms of sprayers, I in no way wish to infer that any- 

 kind is better than another, so long as it meets the essential requirements ; but I am 

 aware of the two first-named beiiig successfully used. An ordinary garden engine 

 can be made to serve the purpose, but this method involves great loss of material 

 from quite unnecessary quantity of fluid spread abroad, and also great risk of over 

 application to the' leafage.' 



Paris-green, or Emerald-green, as it is frequently called, is procurable at small 

 cost. Probably retail traders would not furnish the pure article under 1*. Qd. to 1*. 

 ^d. per pound according to quantity ; but Messrs. Blundell, Spence & Co. (Limited) 

 of Hull, and 9, Upper Thames Street, London, Colour Manufacturers and Exporters, 

 with whom I have had much correspondence on the subject, inform me that they 

 would deliver quantities of 14fb. and upwards, carriage paid, at 1*. per pound packed 

 in l!b. paper parcels, or in the paste state in large glass jars of 4 and 7ib. at the same 

 price, jars free. 



" The Paris-green is also procurable from Messrs. Hemingway & Co., of 60, Mark 

 Lane, Loudon, E.C., and doubtless from many other good and reliable firms. 



" I understand that, in order to lessen difficulties arising from the 'green ' powder 

 settling down in the water, it is the intention of Messrs. Blundell, Spence & Co. in 

 the coming season to grind the pulp or paste (that is the Paris-green powder damped 

 with water) to a much finer condition, so that the particles of powder being in this 

 finer state will be much less liable to sink to the bottom of the fluid. This will be a 

 great improvement, and the issue of this paste in glass jars will prevent difficulties 

 regarding corrosion of metal caused by chemical action of the Paris-green. 



1 Wherever any variation is made in form in which tlie Paris-green is proeureil, experiment as to 

 strength of application safe to leafnge should always be made before use <m a large scale. 



Observations now going on stiow Ihat an ordinary Garden engine (small barrel with two wheels) 

 fitted with a Scott's nozzle answers excellently— J/. A. O. -A;pril 7. 



