iJ-OEXHUMBEKLAND AND DTTEHAM, 59 



other influences be supposed to affect Spiders and phanerogamous 

 plants in the same degree, we ought to have at least 300 species 

 native to the two counties. We can put on record only 192. 

 The county of Dorset can boast of 350. Again, for Cumberland 

 and the Lake District, Mr. F. 0. Pickard-Cambridge records 187 

 species, of which no less than 47 have not yet been taken on our 

 side of the Pennines ; while of 105 Berwickshire Spiders taken 

 by Mr. Eardy, eleven have not been taken in lirorthumberland 

 or Durham. 



In my own collecting expeditions I have tried to make the 

 localities visited as widely representative as possible, but cir- 

 cumstances narrowed both time and space. Weardale was most 

 accessible, and collections were made in the neighbourhood of 

 "Wolsingham and around Durham. In Tynedale the chosen 

 localities were Bardon Mill, I^ewburn, and the upper Team 

 Valley. Spiders were also received from N^ewcastle (Jesmond). 

 One autumn visit was paid to Morpeth and two spring visits to 

 Upper Teesdale. Such Spiders as I have from the coast region 

 were taken at Ryhope, Whitley, and Holywell Dene. 



Diligent collecting cannot fail to swell our list very consider- 

 ably. Bogs, swamps, and mosses, wherever they occur, will 

 repay careful search. The Heather and Furze of our moors form 

 such shelter as Spiders love ; in summer time they are never 

 beaten in vain. I have never had an opportunity of collecting 

 in our upland mosses ; and it is worthy of note that of the 47 

 species recorded for the Lake District, and not yet taken in 

 Northumberland and Durham, 13 were found in Newtown Moss 

 near Penrith. Mr. Hardy found Cold Martin Moss equally 

 fruitful. It may be, therefore, that presently Newham Bog and 

 Muckle Moss will be found to be as rich in rare Spiders as they 

 are in rare plants. 



The highest level at which I have collected is 1600 feet, on 

 Widdy Bank Pell. This was in early April, 1895, in sunny 

 weather, though the snow still lingered on the hills. Under 

 stones at that height were found Ccelotes atropos, Amaurobius 

 fenestralis, Trochosa terricola^ and X.ysticus cristatus. On the 

 sunny slopes, scarcely free from their burden of snow, swarms 



