FtJLWELL HILLS, NEAK SUNDEKLAlfD, 16? 



in the higher parts of the section on the eastern side of it, is also 

 very interesting. It can be seen to pass very sharply from a 

 very coarse shingle into a fine gravel and sand. The nature of 

 this change is shown in the second section. 



The pebbles that form the coarse shingle are principally com- 

 posed of Magnesian-Limestone, some of which are very large. 

 In the higher parts of the deposit few of other composition 

 occur, but as it descends the hill, the proportion of other pebbles 

 increases till they form the major portion of the deposit. Pieces 

 of Carboniferous Limestone and Grit, coal, felsite, and whin, all 

 of which have probably been derived from the boulder-clay of 

 the district, are present along with those of Magnesian-Lime- 

 stone. They all bear traces of having been water- worn for some 

 time ; indeed, several pieces of the latter rock, which have been 

 derived from the concretionary layers of that formation, are 

 perfect spheres. Since finding flints in the gravel at Cleadon, I 

 have searched for them in this deposit, and have obtained several 

 in the portion that the men are at present working. The occur- 

 rence of flints in this deposit, as well as at Cleadon, is worthy 

 of further investigation. 



In many places the pebbles have been cemented together by 

 materials derived by the percolation of water from the Magnesian- 

 Limestone ones of the deposit. Near the cliff, which will be 

 noticed shortly, this cemented material was in one part as hard 

 as concrete. Another feature worthy of notice is the decomposi- 

 tion of the last-mentioned pebbles, whenever the deposit par- 

 takes of a clayey nature. 



At one interesting point, as shewn in the third section, the 

 raised-beach can be seen resting on a tyj)ical, hard boulder-clay, 

 which is undoubtedly in situ, and contains some scratched and 

 glaciated boulders. The Magnesian-Limestone takes a small syn- 

 clinal bend, and in the trough so formed a section of that clay, 

 about sixty feet long and reaching ten feet in thickness, is 

 exposed with a portion of the gravel resting directly on it. The 

 clay, which in all probability covered the whole surface of the 

 limestone (^) on which the raised-beach now rests, has been de- 

 nuded away except in this hollow. In all other parts of the 



