114 PRESIDENTS ADDRESS. 



entered as we returned, to see the fine old stained glass in the 

 windows. 



At Reeth our attention was divided between dinner and a 

 short ramble to examine some of the geological features of the 

 district, notably the traces of a glacial lake and the quarries 

 of chert, a siliceous limestone, which is sent to Staffordshire 

 for the manufacture of stoneware. In fact the main interest 

 of the day was geological ; for the picturesque beauty of the 

 dale is owing to the high limestone crags which close it in. 

 The "Main," "Red," and "Black" beds of the hmestone 

 formation are visible, capped on the highest ridges with mill- 

 stone grit. There is still much lead ore in the limestone, and 

 in several places signs of old lead mining are to be seen. But 

 the part of the dale we saw is now purely agricultural, varied 

 only by tracts of woodland. I understand, however, that 

 mines are working above Reeth. 



During the drive the following trees were noted : oak, ash, 

 beech, chestnut, sycamore, rowan, wayfaring tree or water 

 elder, bird cherry, hazel, birch, elder, yew, larch, Scotch fir, 

 alder, and blackthorn. The ash, and on the river bank the 

 alders, were particularly luxuriant, and the blackthorn and 

 bird-cherry had plentiful crops of berries. The last named 

 seem to be special favourites with birds, and the leaves of the 

 shrub are also unusually subject to insect ravages. 



After the return drive to Richmond, the short time left to 

 us was spent in hurriedly glancing at the ruins of the Norman 

 Castle, St. Mary's Church, the Museum of the Mechanics' 

 Institute, and a fine Norman doorway which is all that 

 remains of St. Martin's Priory. The Castle was founded in 

 1070 by Earl Alan, and the Keep built afterwards in the reign 

 of Henry I. St. Mary's also probably dates from the same 

 reign, and standing above the river commands a view rarely 

 equalled for quiet beauty. 



Much of the success of the meeting was due to the kind 

 attention and able guidance of Mr. Raine. 



