54 



A NEW FLOllA OF 



This shows us clearly what an immense power the direct in- 

 fluence of the sun exerts, and consequently how different is the 

 position with regard to temperature of a sheltered and unsheltered 

 station. 



Extreme Degrees of Temperature. — "We have spoken as yet al- 

 together of average monthly temperatures, but in connection with 

 our present inquiry, single extreme temperatures, and especially 

 extreme minima, must not be altogether passed over. It will, of 

 course, be gathered, from what has been already said, that ex- 

 tremes in each direction are much smaller in England than on 

 the Continent. The most striking point about the extreme de- 

 grees (and this applies particularly to minima) is, how much 

 smaller they are near the sea than in the interior. In England, 

 in very cold weather, the extreme degrees are just as likely to 

 run from north to south as from east to west, so that there is no 

 decided and uniform advantage between say the upper part of 

 the course of the Thames over Tynedale. The part of England 

 which has the decided advantage in this respect is the south- 

 west, and even on the coast the extremes are much smaller on 

 the west than on the east. If we compare an extreme summer 

 with an extreme winter, the result will usually be something 

 like the following : — 



M^LSEMUM AND IILNIMUM TEMPEEATTJKES IN THE SHADE. 



LOCALITY. 



Helston 



Ventnor 



Greenwich ... 



Derby 



Nottingham 



Livei-pool 



Manchester . . . 

 Wakefield ..: 



Leeds ■ 



York 



Scarbro' 



Allenheads ... 



Bywell 



North Shields 



Maximum in 

 the month of 

 July, 18-59. 



90 

 79 

 93 



83 

 89-5 



82 

 85 

 90 

 90 



82 



77-5 



79 



85^ 



81-4 



Minimum on the 

 night of Dec. 

 25, 26, 1860. 



82 



24 



8 



2 



—8 



16 



—3 



2 



6 

 —4 

 16 

 8-3 

 ^A 



^2 



6-8 



Difference 



between the 



two. 



58 

 55 



85 

 81 



88 



92 



84 



86 



6U 



70-7 



82 



74-6 



