80 " A NEAV FLORA OF 



has been already given. The sandstone sweeps down from Black 

 Heddon to underlie the basalt, and on the north never recovers 

 its altitude. For several miles northward the ridge is only about 

 400 feet in altitude, and beyond Lowick it is even lower, but 

 still, in many places, only partially cultivated. From Berwick 

 southward to Belford the coast is low and sandy. There are 

 three principal streams, but the low cultivated country between 

 the ridge and the sea is only from 2 to 4 miles broad. The 

 northern part of Holy Island is a sweep of low waste sand-hill, 

 but on the south, about the castle and the village, the basalt ap- 

 pears. Along the low stretch of sandy shore opposite Holy 

 Island, from Eoss Point past Fenham to Beal, is one of the best 

 stations along the coast for maritime plants. Above Easington 

 and Belford small patches of basaltic crag again appear. ]S"ext 

 comes a longer stream called the Warn Bum, which flows down 

 a wooded hollow past Twizell House to the sea. On the east of 

 this the basaltic crags stretch with interruptions from Spindle- 

 stone to the coast at Bambro'. This part of the iddge yields 

 several interesting plants, amongst which are Spirmi filipenclula, 

 Jlieracium pallidum, Vicia lathyroides, Allium scluenoprasum, 

 McencJiia erecta, Potentilla alpedris, Sedum villosum, and Are- 

 naria verna. The last three are plants of such well-marked 

 montane character that their occurrence here is worthy of atten- 

 tion, as the ridge is under 150 yards in altitude, and quite iso- 

 lated from any of the higher hills, and the Arenaria does not 

 occur anywhere else in Cheviot-land. The basalt comes out in 

 full force along the shore from Bambro' southward. The Fame 

 Islands are all basaltic outliers, and past Beadnell, Swinhoe, and 

 Embleton to CuUernose, near the Howick grounds, are several 

 fine faces of crag, with low sandy depressions between them. 

 The area of this district is about 150 square miles. 



ALTITUDES. 



FEET. 



Ross Castle 1036* 



Black Heddon 640 



Kyloe Crags 570 



FEET. 



Belford 209 



Lowick 400 



