90 A NEW FLOEA OF 



between this cliff and its counterpart on the opposite side, form- 

 ing, not a large waterfall, but one where nature has made the 

 most of the volume of water she has had to work with, for the 

 the cliff, contrary to the ordinary plan in the North of England 

 cascades of small side-streams, projects at the base considerably 

 more than at the ledge, so that the water falls down an irregular 

 slope of hard gritstone rock, the jagged projections of which 

 break it into foam and spray, and innumerable sparkling eddies. 

 The tall slightly- overhanging side-cliffs of the glen converge 

 crescent-wise towards the fall and shut in a cool ravine where 

 such plants as woodruff, golden saxifrage, Carclamine syhatica, 

 and Campanula latifolia luxuriate, and where we may gather 

 oak fern, beech fern, and TrolUus, Rubus saxatilis, Ejpilohium 

 angustifoliwm, and Crepis mcchmfolia. 



After the junction of the E,eed water and North Tyne the 

 stream and dale run south and rather south-east for 14 miles. 

 The ridges on each side are not more than 400 feet above the 

 river, and for the northern half of the 14 miles especially there 

 is but little of the dale character. The bank of the stream is 

 often steep and pleasantly -wooded, and there are several villages 

 of considerable size (Wark, Barrasford, ChoUerton, "Wall, Hums- 

 haugh), and halls and castles at Haughton, Chipchase, Simon- 

 bum, and Nunwick by the side of the river, or hidden amongst 

 the trees. The most considerable woods of this lower part of 

 North Tynedale are those of Countess Park, near Reedsmouth, 

 and of Chipchase, Nunwick, Chesters, and "Warden Hill. On 

 the east side of the dale, above Barrasford, the basalt stands out 

 prominently at the top of the bank, with a precipitous escarp- 

 ment facing the north (Gunnerton Crags), south of which the 

 bank of the dale is steeper and the ridge more hill-like. On the 

 west "Wark Burn rises on the edge of the county and flows for 1 

 miles eastward through the moors before it joins the main stream. 

 The basalt shows itself upon its banks at Eose's Bower and forms 

 a small waterfall, but the principal basaltic cliff on the west side 

 of the river is further south, and does not belong to this di'ainage 

 tract. One of the forks of the branch that joins the Tyne at 

 Nunwick, comes from the lakes on the north side of the Roman 



