78 " THETIS " SCIENTIFIC RESULTS. 



About 26 long and slender gill-rakers on the lower limb of the 

 first arch ; pseudobranchise well-developed. 



Teeth.— At the symphysis of the upper jaw and just within the 

 mouth iii a pair of canines strongly recurved and appreciably 

 separated. On the outer margin of the jaw is placed a pair of 

 widely sepai'ated canines ; these are strong, conical and directed 

 horizontally forward ; a few smaller teeth are also to be found 

 scattered between the two pairs of canines and one or more rows 

 of cardiform teeth on the front margin of the jaw. In the man- 

 dible the anterior canines ai'e smaller and sometimes in two pairs; 

 in the middle of the lateral series are one or two pairs of strong, 

 recurved canines. The teeth on the vomer form a large A-shaped 

 patch, those of the palatines a broad band : the tongvie and 

 entopterygoids toothless. 



Fins. — The dorsal commences above the middle opercular 

 spine ; the spinous and soft portions are of equal height ; the 

 former has the longer base by about one-tenth. The spines are 

 strong, the fourth being the longest, 2-1 in the length of the head 

 and twice the length of the first spine ; the second is 1*4 in that 

 of the foui'th, to which the third is almost equal ; the others are 

 subequal with the exception of the last two, which are somewhat 

 shorter ; anteriorly the inter-spinous membrane is deeply notched. 

 The soft portion is higher than the posterior spines, but the 

 longest ray (the 11th) does not exceed the fourth spine. The 

 anal spines are very strong ; the second is the longest, but nearly 

 equalled by the third ; it is as long as the third dorsal ; the first 

 dorsal and first anal are alike in size and character. The anal 

 rays are much longer than those of the dorsal, the longest (second 

 and third) being 1-7 in the length of the head. The ventral 

 spine is slightly longer than the fourth dorsal ; the second ray, 

 which is the longest, fails to reach the vent and is 14 in the 

 length of the head. The pectoral is elongate and subsym- 

 metrical; rays branched near their extremities; the middle ray, 

 the eighth, is the longest, and reaches the base of the third anal 

 spine ; the whole fin is longer than the head by one-tenth ; the 

 caudal is crescentic ; the outer rays are not produced, and the 

 lobes are equal. 



Scales rather large ; those covered by the base of the pectoral 

 measure 10 mm. along theii' exposed edge in the largest example ; 

 they are closely ciliate and firmly adherent. The bases of all the 

 fins are scaly, as is also the entire head, including the branchio- 

 stegals. 



The lateral line, after rising to beneath the fourth dorsal spine, 

 follows the curvature of the back to beyond the fin, bending 

 horizontally to the caudal pedicel ; the tubules are simple, and 

 extend along nearly the entire scale ; there are five series of scales 



