84 ß- J- Anderson, 



may be due partly to this origin. There have been, however, a 

 great many changes in this part of the West also, as elsewhere, and 

 in noting the complexion, hair and eyes, regard must be had to the 

 recurrence of atavistic characters. The climate is mild and there 

 are few towns of importance, so that town life has probably affected 

 no change, usually observed in large towns viz. darkening of the 

 complexion. The head measurements in a few cases are given, in 

 several others the shape of the head is given from inspection onl^^ 

 This is subject to error. Indeed the head measurement does not 

 seem to be of great value in children for comparison with others, it 

 is of value of course in comparing the measurements of the head at 

 different times of life. Albinoism is not unknown in these districts. 

 C. Browne has noted four examples of Albinoism in one family in 

 Bally croy, Co. Mayo. Five have been recorded in Gal way amongst 

 children in the locality of the Claddagh. All belong to the same 

 family. I have elsewhere called attention to the fact that four 

 obvious and fairly common types are to be observed in the West. 



Tall men who are robust are frequently met with on the sea 

 board and the Islands of Arran. There is also a moderately tall and 

 slender race, dark skin and hair, with eyes blue or brown. The 

 robust and the slender types are to be distinguished amongst those 

 of moderate stature, and amongst the undersized. It seems certain 

 that light men with bowed ulnae and long A straguli with the anterior 

 articular surface far removed from the tibial surface were best suited 

 for climbing. It is certain that some early human groups were well 

 equipped in this regard. Mountaineers acquire a special bone and 

 muscle peculiarity. So do those who sit on their heels (squat), and 

 those who walk with the soles of their feet on the ground. Walking 

 with heel and toe which is the acknowledged pro|)er method of walking 

 amongst Caucasians, for level ground, induces the normal condition of 

 limbs. Where deviations occur in bone or muscle, reference to a 

 primitive strain may explain the aberration. That children display 

 unusual aptitude for climbing is well known, this is shown by the 

 turning in of the soles, which coincides with tastes for climbing and 

 swinging. Dolichocephalism in the groups I have recently examined 



