352 



Foa pratensis, P. glauca, Calamagrostis arundinacea and 

 Cystopteris fragilis. In crevices in the rocks were found: 

 Potentilla nivea, P. maculata, Arabis alpina, A. Holboelli, 

 Alsine verna v. hirta, Cerastium alpinum., Draba nivalis, Saxi- 

 fraga tricuspidata, Veronica saxatilis, Campanula rotnndifolia, 

 Salix glauca^ Carex capillaris, C. pedata, Trisetum, Poa glauca 

 and Woodsia ilvensis. 



This vegetation reached up to a height of 600 metres; the 

 top of the mountain, 600—720 metres, was very sparely co- 

 vered by lichens (Cetraria nivalis and islandica, Stereocaulon, 

 Lecanora-species and others) together with mosses, among which 

 especially Grimmia hypnoides made large tufts, whereof were 

 collected: Polytrichum sexangulare, Sphaerocephalus turgidus, 

 S. palustris, Pohlia gracilis^ Dicranum congestum, Plagiothecium 

 denticulatum, Cephalozia pleniceps and Jungermannia quinque- 

 dentata. Between the moss-tufts were found very few vascular 

 plants, all dry and in fruit or in a far advanced state of flowering. 

 I noted: Cerastium alpinum f. lanatum, Draba hirta, Luzula 

 confusa, Carex nardina and Poa glauca. 



The cause of this poverty of species was not the height 

 above the sea, for the distance from the above named luxuriant 

 vegetation was but slight, but is to be sought in the scarce 

 supply of water at the top. Here were no perennial snow drifts, 

 altogether no sign of snow-covering such as farther down and 

 no depressions where the water might collect and stagnate; on 

 the contrary, the rock was so cracked through all over, that all 

 downpour must disappear immediately after the fall so as to 

 benefit the vegetation farther below on the side of the mountain. 



That the height does not interfere with the occurrence of 

 the plants is seen by the following list of plants collected by 

 Koch on Henry Land, abt. 940 m up to ab. 1000 m: 

 Chamœnerium latifolium. Alsine verna. 



Silène acaulis. Melandrium apetalum. 



Alsine biflora. Cerastium alpinum v. lanatum. 



