378 



one from the south, the other from the north, and the case is 

 much the same with the Dri/as-specimens (Fig. 10). The ground 

 between the phanerogams is mainly naked, and even the lichens 

 are greatly cowed and worn. The scantiness of the vegetation 

 is, however, due chiefly to scarcity of water and, secondly, to 

 want of shelter. 



At a somewhat greater distance from 

 the bluff the surface descends to flat de- 

 pressions partly without outlets, partly with 

 outlets in narrow clefts, which cut through 

 the terrace and are formed by brooks, 

 now partly dried up or nearly waterless. 

 Here is found a somewhat richer and, above 

 all, higher vegetation, which is, however, 

 only exceptionally able to cover the bot- 

 tom. 1 noted: 



Melandrium apetalum, Stellaria lon- 

 gipes, Saxifraga oppositifolia, S. nivalis 

 V. tenuis, Armeria sibirica, Pedicularis 

 hirsuta, P. flammea. Rhododendron lap- 

 ponicum, Vaccinium, Arnica alpina, Salix 

 groenlandica, Polygonum, Juncus biglumis, 

 J. arcticus, J. castaneus, Eriophorum 

 Scheuchzeri, E. polystachium, Carex nar- 

 dina, С rigida, С. rariflora, С. rupestris, 

 С. lagopina, С. ursitia, С. capillaris, 

 Glyceria Vahliana and Equisetum arvense. 

 Farther inward, towards the east, this vegetation, which 

 in the most humid localities had the appearance of pools without 

 continuous cover, is continued in a luxuriant Cassiope-hQdXh 

 with a dense, 10 — 16 cm high cover. The few herbs were quite 

 secundary. [ noted here : 



Potentilla maculata, Cerastium alpinum. v. lanatum, Draba 

 alpina, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Pedicularis hirsuta, Erigeron 



Fig. 10. Dry as octope- 

 tala. Liverpool Land. A 

 highly •windworn speci- 

 men, del. H. Olrik. 



