135 



that a transport of them to the shore would be inconceivable. 

 — It is probable that the coast during the formation of the 

 Cyrena-bed consisted of deposits of clay in layers; whether or 

 not this clay belonged to the Coeloma-bed or a like formation 

 is uncertain. The coast was subjected to abrasion, whereby 

 loosened bits of the clay were washed into the sea. The clay 

 must probably already have attained a certain firmness, as the 

 bits would otherwise soon have become macerated in the water, 

 and would then have been deposited as clay again in deeper 

 water. In the sandstone itself none or only very slight traces 

 of clay are found. At the same time as the sea by the denuda- 

 tion of older deposits provided material for the formation of 

 new ones, the rivers washed a lot of material from the main- 

 land. This material consisted in a great part of sand which 

 in a few places was formed of volcanic products, but generally 

 consisted of grains of quartz, produced by the weathering of 

 the Archæan rocks inland. This sand was deposited in the 

 sea near the mouths of the rivers. In the rivers or in the 

 brackish swamps connected with them, near the coast, lived 

 mollusca, and other animals (e. g. Cyrena Gravesii Desh.) ; after 

 the death of the animals a part of their remains were washed 

 into the sea, and w^ere deposited there together with the other 

 material which the rivers brought with them. The negative 

 change of position of the coast-line which probably took place 

 between the formation of the Coeloma-bed and the Cyrena-bed 

 was continued, with the result that the Cyrena-bed Avas at last 

 raised above the level of the sea. Then volcanic eruptions 

 occurred whereby the Tertiary deposits, at any rate in some 

 places, were covered by thick basalt-deposits. 



That the tertiary deposits at Кар Dalton are connected 

 with the ones farther north on the east coast of Greenland may 

 presumably be supposed. Marine -fossils are here, as above 

 mentioned, only known from Hochstetters Vorland. Of the five 



