232 



The here indicated variations are partly more precisely 

 defined in the diagnosis. It is thus said about С quadricornis • 

 «Maxillary reaching to below posterior margin of eye», and 

 about C.hexacornis: «Maxillary reaching past the orbit». But 

 in the specimens of C. quadricornis I have before me from 

 the Baltic the maxillary just reaches past the orbit, and Lillje- 

 borgM likev^'ise says: «Maxillary reaches slightly behind the 

 posterior border of the orbit», so here some mistake must have 

 occurred with regard to the American writers' judgment of the 

 European form. But as J. and E. associate the European and 

 the East-Greenland form probably initiated by Lût ken (com- 

 pare p. 229), there is perhaps some truth in their statement; for 

 as the upper jaw is shorter in the East-Greenland form than in 

 the Baltic one, and as a rule only reaches to below the posterior 

 margin of the eye^ its upper jaw is probably also shorter than 

 in the American form. — Moreover is said about the pectoral 

 fins with regard to C. quadricornis: «reaching anal», and with 

 regard to С liexacornis : «scarcely reaching front of second 

 dorsal». I cannot however find any distinct difference in these 

 expressions, as the mentioned points in the Cottoid in question 

 lie very near each other in the same perpendicular line. It must 

 besides be taken into consideration that the length of the pec- 

 toral fins varies according to sex, and can consequently only with 

 reservation be employed as specific character. In 5 specimens 

 of C. quadricornis from the Baltic, which are at my disposal, the 

 pectoral fins of the females reach the anus, or at the utmost to 

 the beginning of the anal fin, but in the males to the beginning 

 of the anal fin or somewhat past it. The variation is still 

 greater in 8 specimens from East-Greenland, as in 3 females 

 the pectoral fins scarcely reach to the end of the first dorsal 

 fin and to the anus, while in 5 males it reaches from the anus 

 and a little past the front part of the anal fin. — Finally with 



I.e. 



